Dinitrogen tetraoxide is a colorless gas at room temperature. It can dissociate into nitrogen dioxide, which is a reddish brown gas. N204(9) = 2 NO2(g) Three experiments were run starting with different initial amounts of N,04(g) ([N,04]o in the table). The systems were allowed to reach equilibrium and the concentrations for each gas were measured (in units of moles/Liter). For each of the boxes below, calculate the ratios indicated by the column heading. This will show the mathematical relationship that exists between the concentrations of NO, and N,04 at equilibrium. Be sure to round to the correct number of significant figures. Exp [N204lo [NO2][N204] [NO2] / [N204) 2 [NO2] / [N204) [NO2]2 / [N204] 3.7 2.92 2.2 2 2.8 2.49 1.6 2.6 2.33 1.4 Based on your calculations, indicate whether each statement is True (T) or False (F): v 1. Each experiment started with a different initial concentration of N204. v 2. The ratio ([NO2] / [N204]) is equal to a constant value. v 3. The ratio (2 [NO2] / [N204]) is equal to a constant value. v 4. The ratio ([NO2]? / [N2041) is equal to a constant value. v 5. Each experiment reached a different set of equilibrium concentrations.

Dinitrogen tetraoxide is a colorless gas at room temperature. It can dissociate into nitrogen dioxide, which is a reddish brown gas. N204(9) = 2 NO2(g) Three experiments were run starting with different initial amounts of N,04(g) ([N,04]o in the table). The systems were allowed to reach equilibrium and the concentrations for each gas were measured (in units of moles/Liter). For each of the boxes below, calculate the ratios indicated by the column heading. This will show the mathematical relationship that exists between the concentrations of NO, and N,04 at equilibrium. Be sure to round to the correct number of significant figures. Exp [N204lo [NO2][N204] [NO2] / [N204) 2 [NO2] / [N204) [NO2]2 / [N204] 3.7 2.92 2.2 2 2.8 2.49 1.6 2.6 2.33 1.4 Based on your calculations, indicate whether each statement is True (T) or False (F): v 1. Each experiment started with a different initial concentration of N204. v 2. The ratio ([NO2] / [N204]) is equal to a constant value. v 3. The ratio (2 [NO2] / [N204]) is equal to a constant value. v 4. The ratio ([NO2]? / [N2041) is equal to a constant value. v 5. Each experiment reached a different set of equilibrium concentrations.

Chemistry for Engineering Students

4th Edition

ISBN:9781337398909

Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme

Publisher:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme

Chapter12: Chemical Equilibrium

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 12.41PAE: Because calcium carbonate is a sink for CO32- in a lake, the student in Exercise 12.39 decides to go...

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The following equilibrium was studied by analyzing the equilibrium mixture for the amount of H2S produced. Sb2S3(s)+3H2(g)2Sb(s)+3H2S(g) A vessel whose volume was 2.50 L was filled with 0.0100 mol of antimony(III) sulfide, Sb2S3, and 0.0100 mol H2. After the mixture came to equilibrium in the closed vessel at 440C, the gaseous mixture was removed, and the hydrogen sulfide was dissolved in water. Sufficient lead(II) ion was added to react completely with the H2S to precipitate lead(II) sulfide, PbS. If 1.029 g PbS was obtained, what is the value of Kc at 440C?
The equilibrium constant for the dissociation of iodine molecules to iodine atoms I2(g) 2 I(g) is 3.76 103 at 1000 K. Suppose 0.105 mol of I2 is placed in a 12.3-L flask at 1000 K. What are the concentrations of I2 and I when the system comes to equilibrium?
Because calcium carbonate is a sink for CO32- in a lake, the student in Exercise 12.39 decides to go a step further and examine the equilibrium between carbonate ion and CaCOj. The reaction is Ca2+(aq) + COj2_(aq) ** CaCO,(s) The equilibrium constant for this reaction is 2.1 X 10*. If the initial calcium ion concentration is 0.02 AI and the carbonate concentration is 0.03 AI, what are the equilibrium concentrations of the ions? A student is simulating the carbonic acid—hydrogen carbonate equilibrium in a lake: H2COj(aq) H+(aq) + HCO}‘(aq) K = 4.4 X 10"7 She starts with 0.1000 AI carbonic acid. What are the concentrations of all species at equilibrium?
At 2300 K the equilibrium constant for the formation of NO(g) is 1.7 103. N2(g) + O2(g) 2 NO(g) (a) Analysis shows that the concentrations of N2 and O2 are both 0.25 M, and that of NO is 0.0042 M under certain conditions. Is the system at equilibrium? (b) If the system is not at equilibrium, in which direction does the reaction proceed? (c) When the system is at equilibrium, what are the equilibrium concentrations?
The atmosphere consists of about 80% N2 and 20% O2, yet there are many oxides of nitrogen that are stable and can be isolated in the laboratory. (a) Is the atmosphere at chemical equilibrium with respect to forming NO? (b) If not, why doesnt NO form? If so, how is it that NO can be made and kept in the laboratory for long periods?
For the reaction 2NO(g)+2H2(g)N2(g)+2H2O(g) it is determined that, at equilibrium at a particular temperature, the concentrations are as follows: [NO(g)] = 8.1 103 M, [H2(g)] = 4.1 105 M, [N2(g)] = 5.3 102 M, and [H2O(g)] = 2.9 103 M. Calculate the value of K for the reaction at this temperature.
Consider the following equilibria involving SO2(g) and their corresponding equilibrium constants. SO2(g) + 12 O2(g) SO3(g) K1 2SO3(g) 2SO2(g) + O2(g) K2 Which of the following expressions relates K1 to K2? (a) K2=K12 (b) K22=K1 (c) K2 = K1 (d) K2 = 1/K1 (e) K2=1/K12
The following data were collected for a system at equilibrium at 140°C. Calculate the equilibrium constant for the reaction, 3 H2(g) + N2(g) 5=^ 2 NHt(g) at this temperature. [H2] = 0.10 mol L_1, [NJ = 1.1 mol L"1, [NHJ = 3.6 X 10"-mol L'1
. At high temperatures, elemental nitrogen and oxygen react with each other to form nitrogen monoxide. N2(g)+O2(g)2NO(g)Suppose the system is analyzed at a particular temperature, and the equilibrium concentrations arc found to be [N2]=0.041M. [O2]=0.0078M, and [NO]=4.710M. Calculate the value of K for the reaction.
The equilibrium constant, Kc, for the reaction N2O4(g) 2 NO2(g) at 25 C is 5.9 103. Suppose 15.6 g of N2O4 placed in a 5.000-L flask at 25 C. Calculate the following; (a) the amount of NO2 (mol) present at equilibrium; (b) the percentage of the original N2O4 that is dissociated.
Suppose a reaction has the equilibrium constant K = 1.3 108. What does the magnitude of this constant tell you about the relative concentrations of products and reactants that will be present once equilibrium is reached? Is this reaction likely to be a good source of the products?
The experiment in Exercise 12.33 was redesigned so that the reaction started with 0.15 mol each of N2 and O2 being injected into a 1.0-L container at 2500 K. The equilibrium constant at 2500 K is 3.6 X 10“’. What was the composition of the reaction mixture after equilibrium was attained? The following reaction establishes equilibrium at 2000 K: N2(g) + O2(g) *2 2 NO K = 4.1 X IO-4 If the reaction began with 0.100 mol L-1 of N2 and 0.100 mol L-’ ofO2, what were the equilibrium concentrations of all species?

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