Discuss the operation of the citric acid cycle and the electron transport chain in the aerobic production of ATP. What is the function of NAD+ and FAD in these pathways?

Q: Identify reactions within glycolysis and Citric Acid cycle that produce ATP via substrate level…

A: Glycolysis is the process of reaction by which one molecule of glucose is converted to two molecules…

Q: discuss some similarities and differences between the combustion of glucose and the metabolism of…

A: The most prevalent monosaccharide, a subgroup of carbohydrates, is glucose. During photosynthesis,…

Q: Which of the following conditions indicates a low cellenergy status? What impact does each of the…

A: Note: Since you have posted a question with multiple subparts, we will solve the first three…

Q: If NADH acts as a NEGATIVE regulator of citrate synthase, how could this conserve oxidizable carbons…

A: Cellular respiration is a catabolic pathway of the process of metabolism, where a series of chemical…

Q: many ATPs in total are produced from substrate-level phosphorylation in glycolysis and the citric…

A: The process in which glucose is broken down by enzymes to produce energy and pyruvic acid is called…

Q: Explain the fate of each carbon during the completeaerobic metabolism of glucose.

A: Glucose, a six-carbon compound, enters glycolysis to form two pyruvate molecules (3 carbon…

Q: Hydrolysis of ATP is more exergonic than oxidation of NADH.

A: Answer: EXERGONIC REACTION = These are the reactions of hydrolysis, synthesizing, catabolic…

Q: Calculate the amount of ATP’s that will be formed during the oxidative phosphorylation process if:…

A: Oxidative phosphorylation is the process of synthesis of ATP from the energy made available from…

Q: During which of the following processes does NAD+ become reduced? There might be more than one…

A: cellular respiration is the process through which organisms mix oxygen with food molecules,…

Q: Two glucose molecules undergo ellular respiration. Match the end-products of the citric acid cycle…

A: A series of metabolic processes that occur within a cell in which biochemical energy is extracted…

Q: The final outputs of the citric acid cycle include all of the following except what molecule? a. CO2…

A: Citric acid cycle is part of cellular respiration. Cellular respiration is breaking down of glucose…

Q: Calculate production of NADH, FADH, and GTP molecul in complete oxidation of ten molecules of…

A: Citric acid cycle or Tri-carboxylic acid cycle is a metabolic pathway in which a glucose is…

Q: Would you expect the citric acid cycle to bemore or less active when a cell has a high ATP/ADP ratio…

A: The citric acid cycle or Kreb’s cycle is the intermediate metabolic pathway that occurs between…

Q: Assuming that the glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle is operative, a complete oxidation of three molecules…

A: The greater part of the free energy delivered during the oxidation of glucose to CO2 is held in the…

Q: Describe the relationships of glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation in…

A: The link between glycolysis and the citric acid cycle is the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate…

Q: Describe the PPP reactions (metabolites and enzymes involved) that would be used if the cell…

A: Pentose phosphate pathways or PPP: It is a metabolic pathway for glucose-6-phosphate metabolization.…

Q: List the reactions of electron transport that liberate enough energy to drive the phosphorylation of…

A: The electron transport chain is the final pathway in which the energy is synthesized in the form of…

Q: Describe the role of the F1 portion of ATP synthase in oxidative phosphorylation

A: Oxidative phosphorylation is the third step of cellular respiration in which ATP is formed from the…

Q: List four different products of citric acid cycle. Which of the three main stages of aerobic…

A: Hi! Thanks for your questions. But as you have asked multiple questions and have not mentioned which…

Q: Determine the ATP production of glucose catabolism by glycolysis and Krebs Cycle using the following…

A: The glycolysis is the process of degradation of glucose molecule by various enzymes for the…

Q: ___ molecules of ATP are ultimately formed per every acetyl-CoA that enters the citric acid cycle…

A: The TCA cycle is one of the central metabolic pathways for the supply of energy in the living body.…

Q: The final net products of ________ are 2 molecules of ATP and 2 NADH.   a. pyruvate oxidation   b.…

A: The correct answer with proper explanation is given below in step 2.

Q: The complete aerobic catabolism of one molecule of glycerol from the break-down of fats would result…

A: Triglycerides or fats are produced by esterification of fatty acids to glycerol. It takes place in…

Q: Describe the movement of energy during acetyl–CoA formationand the citric acid cycle.

A: It takes acetyl CoA start text, C, o, A, end text—produced by the oxidation of pyruvate and…

Q: How is the malate shuttle used in the liver to increase the number of ATP generated from glycolysis?…

A: Malate aspartate shuttle is used to transfer reducing products with in the mitochondria and…

Q: A series of chemical reactions convert a polypeptide into 13 acetyl CoAs. This acetyl COA goes into…

A: Acetyl-CoA is generated during the catabolism of amino acids.

Q: During glycolysis, transition, and the citric acid cycle: How many ATP (or GTP) is made in each…

A: A) Glycolysis produces 2ATP, tansition yields 2 molecules of ATP, and crab cycle/ citric acid cycle…

Q: Assuming that the glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle is operative, a complete oxidation of five molecules…

A: The Glycolysis and TCA cycle yields NADH and FADH2 molecules. They are used in ATP synthesis by…

Q: Explain what are the main differences in the cellular location of the sets of chemical reactions…

A: All organisms require energy to do work. The energy is obtained by aerobic or anaerobic metabolism.…

Q: Why do yeast cells convert pyruvate to ethanol in the absence of oxygen? to produce CO2 for…

A: Anaerobic respiration is an alternate mode of energy generation in which an exogenous electron…

Q: how many net ATP molecules does the citric acid cycle generate in total? Consider both ATP generated…

A: In aerobic respiration, there are two steps; glycolysis is the first step that forms pyruvate. In…

Q: Explain how oxidative phosphorylation is linked to electron transport and how the two processes can…

A: Introduction: Oxidative metabolism takes place in the mitochondrial matrix of the eukaryotic cells.

Q: Assume that a person was born with a defective NADH dehydrogenase complex, the complex that allows…

A: Electron transport chain present in the inner membrane of mitochondria, it includes 4 complexes;…

Q: Maximal production of ATP from glucose involves the reactions of glycolysis, the citric acid cycle,…

A: Cellular respiration is the process by which organisms utilize oxygen to break down complex food…

Q: Discuss the metabolic roles played in cells by the coenzyme NAD+ and NADP+

A: NAD+ and NADP+ are coenzymes that act as metabolites of ATP. They act as an electron carrier in many…

Q: What are the products of glycolysis (from one glucose molecule)? What happens with NADH under aero…

A: Glycolysis is the process in which one glucose molecule is broken down to form two molecules of…

Q: What are the major features of glycolysis, pyruvate decarboxylation, Kreb's cycle, and electron…

A: The process of cellular respiration involves 4 major stages that include glycolysis pyruvate…

Q: Give an example of a final electron acceptor found in aerobic and anaerobic organisms. Why is…

A: Aerobic respiration takes place in presence of oxygen and anaerobic respiration takes place in…

Q: Which of the following describe a role of lipoic acid in the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex of the…

A: Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex (PDC) is a multi-enzyme complex that is responsible for catalyzing…

Q: You know that during oxidative phosphorylation, 1 NADH creates 2.5 ATP and 1 FADH2 creates 1.5 ATP.…

A: The breakdown of glucose takes place during glycolysis is in which there isa net gain of 8 ATP  The…

Q: Describe how energy charge regulates the rate of the citric acid cycle based on the concentrations…

A: The citric acid cycle is a sequence of chemical processes performed by all aerobic species via the…

Q: Compare ATP production in the citric acid cycle to the electron transport chain, or aerobic…

A: Aerobic respiration was the process of production of energy by hydrolysis of glucose by oxygen which…

Q: Explain why ATP hydrolysis occurs so early in glycolysis,an ATP-producing pathway

A: Glycolysis is a biochemical process which involves the breakdown of glucose molecule in order to…

Q: Explain why the citric acid cycle is considered to be the center of cellular metabolism. at are the…

A: The steps of citric acid cycle were given by Hand kreb in 1931. Acetyl coenzyme A produced in…

Q: If cellular respiration were the stock market (you’re investing glucose and pyruvate, and receiving…

A: Respiration is defined as the process of breaking down of glucose into carbon dioxide water and…

Metabolic pathways

Metabolism is defined as the group of life-supporting, enzyme-mediated chemical reactions in organisms. A metabolic pathway is a set of these chemical reactions that involve anabolism (synthesis of complex biomolecules) and catabolism (breakdown of biomolecules into small molecules) that occur inside a cell. Metabolites are the reacting substances, products, and intermediate substances of an enzymatic process that are altered by a series of chemical events catalyzed by enzymes.