Do i need to manually add time dummy variables when using proc panel in SAS? Or does it automatically account for it? For example, assuming a balanced equation, if my population model is y_it = alpha_t + x1_it + x2_it + c_i + u_it; where alpha_t is our our time dummy variables for each time period.
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- Assuming the model is re-estimated with additional new variable (lagged of LGDP), based on the new estimated results, what is your conclusion about the autocorrelation diagnostic test? If there is diagnostic problem, show how to solve the problem.5 How does the dynamic CCE estimator solve the estimation problems of the PMG technique?The coefficients in a distributed lag regression of Y on X and its lags can be interpreted as the dynamic causal effects when the time path of X is determined randomly and independently of other factors that influence Y. Explain How?
- why is the DV female drosophila Do you use a z or test for this problem?A strain of genetically engineered cotton, known as Bt cotton, is resistant to certain insects, which results in larger yields of cotton. Farmers in northern China have increased the number of acres planted in Bt cotton. Because Bt cotton is resistant to certain pests, farmers have also reduced their use of insecticide. Scientists in China were interested in the long‑term effects of Bt cotton cultivation and decreased insecticide use on insect populations that are not affected by Bt cotton. One such insect is the mirid bug. Scientists measured the number of mirid bugs per 100 plants and the proportion of Bt cotton planted at 38 locations in northern China for the 12‑year period from 1997–2008. The scientists reported this regression analysis: number of mirid bugs per 100 plants=0.54+6.81× Bt cotton planting proportion ?2=0.90, ?<0.0001 What does the slope b=6.81 say about the relation between Bt cotton planting proportion and number of mirid bugs per 100 plants? - Scientists…In the vast country of China lives one of the critically endangered species in the world, called the South China Tiger. Suppose enough jungle preserve is set aside so that there is suffcient room for more territories of this tiger specie than there are actual South China Tigers themselves. Hence, there will be no danger of overcrowding. But if the population is too small, the South China Tigers will have difficulty finding each other during mating season. 1. Identify the independent and dependent variables, and the parameters to be used. 2. Construct a population model based on the relevant assumptions. 3. Write a differential equation that models the population of South China Tigers.
- Since muscle tension in the head region has been associated with tension headaches, a researcher reasoned that if the muscle tension could be changed, perhaps the headaches would also be changed. The researcher designed an experiment in which nine subjects with tension headaches participated. The subjects kept daily logs of the number of headaches they experienced during a 2-week baseline period. Then the researcher trained them to change their muscle tension in the head region, using a biofeedback device. For this experiment, the biofeedback device was connected to a muscle in the forehead region. The device indicated the subject's amount of tension in the muscle to which it was attached and helped them achieve low tension levels. After 6 weeks of training, during which the subjects became successful at maintaining low muscle tension, they again kept a 2-week log of the number of headaches experienced. The following are the number of headaches recorded during each 2-week period.…A multiple regression includes two regressors: Yi = b0 + b1X1i +b2X2i + ui. What is the expected change in Y if X1 increases by 8 unitsand X2 is unchanged? What is the expected change in Y if X2 decreasesby 3 units and X1 is unchanged? What is the expected change in Y if X1increases by 4 units and X2 decreases by 7 units?Write down the formula of least square regression line?
- Researchers have recently hypothesized that patients with myotonic dystrophy (a neuromuscular disease) also have hyperparathyroidism, a syndrome caused by an overactive parathyroid gland. To test this hypothesis, they measured the body’s response to a calcium challenge in patients with myotonic dystrophy, patients with other types of dystrophy (nonmyotonic dystrophy), and normal subjects. One of the biochemical variables they measured was the amount of cAMP excreted by the kidneys. Elevated renal cAMP excretion would be consistent with hyperparathyroidism. The data is contained in the screenshot, where two variables are listed: cAMP – Amount of cAMP excreted by the kidneys, measured in nmol/dL. patient – A factor defining the clinical status of the patient, with three levels: 1, Normal Patient in control group, with no disease. 2, Myotonic Patient with myotonic dystrophy. 3, Nonmyotonic Patient with nonmyotonic dystrophy. (a) Perform an analysis of variance calculation to test the…There have been many studies recently concerning coffee drinking and cholesterol level. While it is known that several coffee-bean components can elevate blood cholesterol level, it is thought that a new type of paper coffee filter may reduce the presence of some of these components in coffee. The effect of the new filter on cholesterol level will be studied over a 10-week period using 300 nonsmokers who each drink 4 cups of caffeinated coffee per day. Each of these 300 participants will be assigned to one of two groups: the experimental group, who will only drink coffee that has been made with the new filter, or the control group, who will only drink coffee that has been made with the standard filter. Each participant’s cholesterol level will be measured at the beginning and at the end of the study. Describe an appropriate method for assigning the subjects to the two groups so that each group will have an equal number of subjects. In this study, the researchers chose to include a…There have been many studies recently concerning coffee drinking and cholesterol level. While it is known that several coffee-bean components can elevate blood cholesterol level, it is thought that a new type of paper coffee filter may reduce the presence of some of these components in coffee. The effect of the new filter on cholesterol level will be studied over a 10-week period using 300 nonsmokers who each drink 4 cups of caffeinated coffee per day. Each of these 300 participants will be assigned to one of two groups: the experimental group, who will only drink coffee that has been made with the new filter, or the control group, who will only drink coffee that has been made with the standard filter. Each participant’s cholesterol level will be measured at the beginning and at the end of the study. Which test would you conduct to determine whether the change in cholesterol level would be greater if people used the new filter rather than using the standard filter? Why would the…