Domestic corporation in general Assume that IYA, Inc. a domestic corporation engaged in the sale of goods, has the following income and expenses for Calendar Year ending 31 December 2024, its 5th year of business operation: Sales Cost of sales Expenses (allowable deductions): Salaries and allowances Office supplies expenses Transportation and travel expenses Representation expenses Repairs and maintenance Fuel, oil and lubricants Taxes and licenses Miscellaneous expenses P500,000,000 300,000,000 50,000,000 10,000,000 15,000,000 1. Taxable net income; and 2. Income tax payable 5,000,000 7,000,000 8,000,000 500,000 3,000,000 Its total assets as of end of year is P110,000,000 which includes the value of the land where its business entity is located amounting to P15,000,000. Required: a. Compute gross income; b. Compute the following if the corporation avails of the itemized deduction: Note: The income tax payable should be the higher between the MCIT and the Regular Income Tax
Reporting Cash Flows
Reporting of cash flows means a statement of cash flow which is a financial statement. A cash flow statement is prepared by gathering all the data regarding inflows and outflows of a company. The cash flow statement includes cash inflows and outflows from various activities such as operating, financing, and investment. Reporting this statement is important because it is the main financial statement of the company.
Balance Sheet
A balance sheet is an integral part of the set of financial statements of an organization that reports the assets, liabilities, equity (shareholding) capital, other short and long-term debts, along with other related items. A balance sheet is one of the most critical measures of the financial performance and position of the company, and as the name suggests, the statement must balance the assets against the liabilities and equity. The assets are what the company owns, and the liabilities represent what the company owes. Equity represents the amount invested in the business, either by the promoters of the company or by external shareholders. The total assets must match total liabilities plus equity.
Financial Statements
Financial statements are written records of an organization which provide a true and real picture of business activities. It shows the financial position and the operating performance of the company. It is prepared at the end of every financial cycle. It includes three main components that are balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement.
Owner's Capital
Before we begin to understand what Owner’s capital is and what Equity financing is to an organization, it is important to understand some basic accounting terminologies. A double-entry bookkeeping system Normal account balances are those which are expected to have either a debit balance or a credit balance, depending on the nature of the account. An asset account will have a debit balance as normal balance because an asset is a debit account. Similarly, a liability account will have the normal balance as a credit balance because it is amount owed, representing a credit account. Equity is also said to have a credit balance as its normal balance. However, sometimes the normal balances may be reversed, often due to incorrect journal or posting entries or other accounting/ clerical errors.
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