Draw and name ethers andheterocyclic ethers, includingepoxides. Explain the trends intheir boiling points, solubilities,and solvent properties
Draw and name ethers and
heterocyclic ethers, including
their boiling points, solubilities,
and solvent properties
SOLUTION:
Step 1:
Ethers are a class of organic compounds characterized by an oxygen atom bonded to two alkyl or aryl groups. Common name of ether is given as alkyl alkyl ether (give the names of two alkyl groups attached to oxygen and add the word ether). List the alkyl groups in the alphabetical order (t-butyl methyl ether), but older names often list the alkyl groups in increasing order of size (methyl t-butyl ether).
Systematic (IUPAC) names for ethers use the more complex group as the root name and the smaller group named as alkoxy substituent.
Some of the examples of ethers are:
Ethoxyethane (diethyl ether)
Methoxy ethane (methyl ethyl ether)
Phenoxy benzene (diphenyl ether)
Step 2:
Ring compounds containing nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur and other elements as ring atoms generally known as heterocyclic compounds. The nomenclature of heterocyclic ethers is as follows:
|
RING SIZE |
Unsaturated ring |
Saturated ring |
|
3 |
-Irene |
-irane |
|
4 |
_ete |
-etane |
|
5 |
-ole |
-olane |
|
6 |
-in |
-ane |
|
7 |
-epin |
-epane |
|
8 |
-ocin |
-ocane |
|
9 |
-onin |
-onane |
|
10 |
-ecin |
-ecane |
|
|
|
|
The numbering of the ring starts with the heteroatom and proceeds around the ring so as to give the substituents the lowest-numbered positions.
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