Draw the Born-Haber cycle for the formation of solid sodium chloride and use the following data to calculate the lattice energy. Na(s) → Na(g) ΔH° = 109 kJ/mol Cl2(g) → 2Cl(g) ΔH° = 243 kJ/mol Na(g) → Na+(g) + e- ΔH° = 496 kJ/mol Cl(g) + e- → Cl-(g) ΔH° = -349 kJ/mol Na(s) + 1/2Cl2(g) → NaCl(s) ΔH° = -411 kJ/mol
Thermochemistry
Thermochemistry can be considered as a branch of thermodynamics that deals with the connections between warmth, work, and various types of energy, formed because of different synthetic and actual cycles. Thermochemistry describes the energy changes that occur as a result of reactions or chemical changes in a substance.
Exergonic Reaction
The term exergonic is derived from the Greek word in which ‘ergon’ means work and exergonic means ‘work outside’. Exergonic reactions releases work energy. Exergonic reactions are different from exothermic reactions, the one that releases only heat energy during the course of the reaction. So, exothermic reaction is one type of exergonic reaction. Exergonic reaction releases work energy in different forms like heat, light or sound. For example, a glow stick releases light making that an exergonic reaction and not an exothermic reaction since no heat is released. Even endothermic reactions at very high temperature are exergonic.
Draw the Born-Haber cycle for the formation of solid sodium chloride and use the following data to calculate the lattice energy.
Na(s) → Na(g) ΔH° = 109 kJ/mol
Cl2(g) → 2Cl(g) ΔH° = 243 kJ/mol
Na(g) → Na+(g) + e- ΔH° = 496 kJ/mol
Cl(g) + e- → Cl-(g) ΔH° = -349 kJ/mol
Na(s) + 1/2Cl2(g) → NaCl(s) ΔH° = -411 kJ/mol
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