College Physics 11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305952300
Author: Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher: Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
1 Units, Trigonometry. And Vectors 2 Motion In One Dimension 3 Motion In Two Dimensions 4 Newton's Laws Of Motion 5 Energy 6 Momentum, Impulse, And Collisions 7 Rotational Motion And Gravitation 8 Rotational Equilibrium And Dynamics 9 Fluids And Solids 10 Thermal Physics 11 Energy In Thermal Processes 12 The Laws Of Thermodynamics 13 Vibrations And Waves 14 Sound 15 Electric Forces And Fields 16 Electrical Energy And Capacitance 17 Current And Resistance 18 Direct-Current Circuits 19 Magnetism 20 Induced Voltages And Inductance 21 Alternating-Current Circuits And Electromagnetic Waves 22 Reflection And Refraction Of Light 23 Mirrors And Lenses 24 Wave Optics 25 Optical Instruments 26 Relativity 27 Quantum Physics 28 Atomic Physics 29 Nuclear Physics 30 Nuclear Energy And Elementary Particles Chapter6: Momentum, Impulse, And Collisions
6.1 Momentum And Impulse 6.2 Conservation Of Momentum 6.3 Collisions In One Dimension 6.4 Glancing Collis Ions 6.5 Rocket Propulsion Chapter Questions Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1CQ: A batter bunts a pitched baseball, blocking the ball without swinging, (a) Can the baseball deliver... Problem 2CQ: If two objects collide and one is initially at rest, (a) is it possible for both to be at rest after... Problem 3CQ: Two carts on an air track have the same mass and speed and are traveling towards each other. If they... Problem 4CQ: Two identical ice hockey pucks, labeled A and B, are sliding towards each other at speed v. Which... Problem 5CQ: A ball of clay of mass m is thrown with a speed v against a brick wall. The clay sticks to the wall... Problem 6CQ: A skater is standing still on a frictionless ice rink. Her friend throws a Frisbee straight to her.... Problem 7CQ: A baseball is thrown from the outfield toward home plate, (a) True or False: Neglecting air... Problem 8CQ: (a) If two automobiles collide, they usually do not stick together. Does this mean the collision is... Problem 9CQ: Your physical education teacher throws you a tennis ball at a certain velocity, and you catch it.... Problem 10CQ: Two cans move in the same direction along a frictionless air track, each acted on by the same... Problem 11CQ: For the situation described in the previous question, which cart experiences the greater change in... Problem 12CQ: An air bag inflates when a collision occurs, protecting a passenger (the dummy in Figure CQ6.12)... Problem 13CQ: At a bowling alley, two players each score a spare when their bowling balls make head-on,... Problem 14CQ: An open box slides with constant speed across the frictionless surface of a frozen lake. If water... Problem 15CQ: Does a larger net force exerted on an object always produce a larger change in the momentum of the... Problem 16CQ: Does a larger net force always produce a larger change in kinetic energy than a smaller net force?... Problem 17CQ: If two particles have equal momenta, are their kinetic energies equal? (a) yes, always (b) no, never... Problem 18CQ: Two particles of different mass start from rest. The same net force acts on both of them as they... Problem 1P: Calculate the magnitude of the linear momentum for the following cases: (a) a proton with mass equal... Problem 2P: A high-speed photograph of a club hitting a golf ball is shown in Figure 6.3. The club was in... Problem 3P: A pitcher claims he can throw a 0.145-kg baseball with as much momentum as a 3.00-kg bullet moving... Problem 4P: A 0.280-kg volleyball approaches a player horizontally with a speed of 15.0 m/s. The player strikes... Problem 5P: Drops of rain fall perpendicular to the roof of a parked car during a rainstorm The drops strike the... Problem 6P: Show that the kinetic energy of a particle of mass m is related to the magnitude of the momentum p... Problem 7P: An object has a kinetic energy of 275 J and a momentum of magnitude 25.0 kg m/s. Find the (a) speed... Problem 8P: An estimated force vs. time curve for a baseball struck by a bat is shown in Figure P6.8. From this... Problem 9P: A soccer player takes a corner kick, lofting a stationary ball 35.0 above the horizon at 22.5 m/s.... Problem 10P: A man claims he ran safely hold on to a 12.0-kg child in a head-on collision with a relative speed... Problem 11P: A ball of mass 0.150 kg is dropped from rest from a height of 1.25 m. It rebounds from the floor to... Problem 12P: A tennis player receives a shot with the ball (0.060 0 kg) traveling horizontally at 50.0 m/s and... Problem 13P: A car is stopped for a traffic signal. When the light turns green, the car accelerates, increasing... Problem 14P: A 65.0-kg basketball player jumps vertically and leaves the floor with a velocity of 1.80 m/s... Problem 15P: The force shown in the force vs. time diagram in Figure P6.15 acts on a 1.5-kg object. Find (a) the... Problem 16P: A force of magnitude Fx acting in the x-direction on a 2.00-kg particle varies in time as shown in... Problem 17P: The forces shown in the force vs. time diagram in Figure P6.17 act on a 1.5-kg particle. Find (a)... Problem 18P: A 3.00-kg steel ball strikes a massive wall at 10.0 m/s at an angle of = 60.0 with the plane of the... Problem 19P: The front 1.20 m of a 1 400-kg car is designed as a crumple zone that collapses to absorb the shock... Problem 20P: A pitcher throws a 0.14-kg baseball toward the batter so that it crosses home plate horizontally and... Problem 21P: High-speed stroboscopic photographs show that the head of a 2.00 102-g golf club is traveling at... Problem 22P: A rifle with a weight of 30.0 N fires a 5.00-g bullet with a speed of 3.00 102 m/s. (a) Find the... Problem 23P: A 45.0-kg girl is standing on a 150.-kg plank. The plank, originally at rest, is free to slide on a... Problem 24P: This is a symbolic version of Problem 23. A girl of mass mG is standing on a plank of mass mp. Both... Problem 25P: Squids are the fastest marine invertebrates, using a powerful set of muscles to take in and then... Problem 26P: A 75-kg fisherman in a 125-kg boat throws a package of mass m = 15 kg horizontally toward the right... Problem 27P: A 65.0-kg person throws a 0.045 0-kg snowball forward with a ground speed of 30.0 m/s. A second... Problem 28P: Two objects of masses m1 = 0.56 kg m2 = 0.88 kg are placed on a horizontal frictionless surface and... Problem 29P: An astronaut in her space suit has a total mass of 87.0 kg, including suit and oxygen tank. Her... Problem 30P: Three ice skaters meet at the center of a rink and each stands at rest facing the center, within... Problem 31P: a man of mass m1 = 70.0 kg is skating at v1 = 8.00 m/s behind his wife of mass m2 = 50.0 kg, who is... Problem 32P: An archer shoots an arrow toward a 3.00 102-g target that is sliding in her direction at a speed of... Problem 33P: Gayle runs at a speed of 4.00 m/s and dives on a sled, initially at rest on the top of a... Problem 34P: A 75.0-kg ice skater moving at 10.0 m/s crashes into a stationary skater of equal mass. After the... Problem 35P: A railroad car of mass 2.00 104 kg moving at 3.00 m/s collides and couples with two coupled... Problem 36P: This is a symbolic version of Problem 35. A railroad car of mass M moving at a speed v1 collides and... Problem 37P: Consider the ballistic pendulum device discussed in Example 6.5 and illustrated in Figure 6.13. (a)... Problem 38P: A cue ball traveling at 4.00 m/s makes a glancing, elastic collision with a target ball of equal... Problem 39P: In a Broadway performance, an 80.0-kg actor swings from a 3.75-m-long cable that is horizontal when... Problem 40P: Two shuffleboard disks of equal mass, one orange and the other green, are involved in a perfectly... Problem 41P: A 0.030-kg bullet is fired vertically at 200 m/s into a 0.15-kg baseball that is initially at rest.... Problem 42P: An bullet of mass m = 8.00 g is fired into a block of mass M = 250 g that is initially at rest at... Problem 43P: A 12.0-g bullet is fired horizontally into a 100-g wooden block that is initially at rest on a... Problem 44P: A 1200-kg car traveling initially with a speed of 25.0 m/s in an easterly direction crashes into the... Problem 45P: A tennis ball of mass 57.0 g is held just above a basketball of mass 590 g. With their centers... Problem 46P: A space probe, initially at rest, undergoes an internal mechanical malfunction and breaks into three... Problem 47P: A 25.0-g object moving to the right at 20.0 cm/s overtakes and collides elastically with a 10.0-g... Problem 48P: A billiard ball rolling across a table at 1.50 m/s makes a head- on elastic collision with an... Problem 49P: A 90.0-kg fullback running cast with a speed of 5.00 m/s is tackled by a 95.0-kg opponent running... Problem 50P: Identical twins, each with mass 55.0 kg, are on ice skates and at rest on a frozen lake, which may... Problem 51P: A 2.00 1O3-kg car moving cast at 10.0 m/s collides with a 3.00 103-kg car moving north. The cars... Problem 52P: Two automobiles of equal mass approach an intersection. One vehicle is traveling with velocity 13.0... Problem 53P: A billiard ball moving at 5.00 m/s strikes a stationary ball of the same mass. Alter the collision,... Problem 54P: The Merlin rocket engines developed by SpaceX produce 8.01 105 N of instantaneous thrust with an... Problem 55P: One of the first ion engines on a commercial satellite used Xenon as a propellant and could eject... Problem 56P: NASAs Saturn V rockets that launched astronauts to the moon were powered by the strongest rocket... Problem 57P Problem 58P: A spaceship at rest relative to a nearby star in interplanetary space has a total mass of 2.50 104... Problem 59P: A spaceships orbital maneuver requires a speed increase of 1.20 103 m/s. If its engine has an... Problem 60AP: In research in cardiology and exercise physiology, it is often important to know the mast of blood... Problem 61AP: Most of us know intuitively that in a head-on collision between a large dump truck and a subcompact... Problem 62AP: Consider a frictionless track as shown in Figure P6.62. A block of mass m1 = 5.00 kg is released... Problem 63AP: A 2.0-g particle moving at 8.0 m/s makes a perfectly elastic head-on collision with a resting 1.0-g... Problem 64AP: A bullet of mass m and speed v passes completely through a pendulum bob of mass M as shown in Figure... Problem 65AP Problem 66AP: A 0.400-kg blue bead slides on a frictionless, curved wire, starting from rest at point in Figure... Problem 67AP: A 730-N man stands in the middle of a frozen pond of radius 5.0 m. He is unable to get to the other... Problem 68AP: An unstable nucleus of muss 1.7 1026 kg, initially at rest at the origin of a coordinate system,... Problem 69AP: Two blocks of masses m1 and m2 approach each other on a horizontal table with the same constant... Problem 70AP: Two blocks of masses m1 = 2.00 kg and m2 = 4.00 kg are each released from rest at a height of h =... Problem 71AP: A block with mass m1 = 0.500 kg is released from rest on a frictionless track at a distance h1, =... Problem 72AP: Two objects of masses m and 3m are moving toward each other along the x-axis with the same initial... Problem 73AP: A small block of mass m1 = 0.500 kg is released from rest at the top of a curved wedge of mass m2 =... Problem 74AP: A car of mass m moving at a speed v1 collides and couples with the back of a truck of mass 2m moving... Problem 75AP: A cannon is rigidly attached to a carriage, which can move along horizontal rails, but is connected... Problem 76AP: Two blocks collide on a frictionless surface. After the collision, the blocks stick together. Block... Problem 77AP: (a) A car traveling due east strikes a car traveling due north at an intersection, and the two move... Problem 78AP: A 60-kg soccer player jumps vertically upwards and heads the 0.45-kg ball as it is descending... Problem 79AP: A boy of mass mb and his girlfriend of mass mg, both wearing ice skates, face each other at rest... Problem 80AP: A 20.0-kg toboggan with 70.0-kg driver is sliding down a frictionless chute directed 30.0 below the... Problem 81AP: Measuring the speed of a bullet. A bullet of mass m is fired horizontally into a wooden block of... Problem 82AP: A flying squid (family Ommastrephidae) is able to jump off the surface of the sea by taking water... Problem 83AP: A 0.30-kg puck, initially at rest on a frictionless horizontal surface, is struck by a 0.20-kg puck... Problem 84AP: A wooden block of mass M rests on a table over a large hole as in Figure P6.84. A bullet of mass m... Problem 85AP: A 1.25-kg wooden block rests on a table over a large hole as in Figure P6.84. A 5.00-g bullet with... Problem 76AP: Two blocks collide on a frictionless surface. After the collision, the blocks stick together. Block...
Related questions
Most of us know intuitively that a head-on collision between a large dump truck and a subcompact car, you are better off being in the truck than in the car. Why is this? Many people imagine that the collision force exerted on the car is much greater than that exerted on the truck to substantiate this view they point out that the car is crushed where the truck is only dented. This idea of unequal forces of course is false; Newton's third law tells us that both objects are acted upon by forces of the same magnitude. The truck suffers less damage because it's made of stronger metal but what about the two drivers do they experience the same forces? To answer this question suppose each vehicle is initially moving at 8.2 m/s and that they undergo a perfectly inelastic head-on collision. Each driver has mass 78 kg including the mass of the drivers the total mass of the vehicles are 800 kg for the car and 4,000 kg for the truck if the collision time is 0.11 seconds what force does the seat belt exert on each driver? (Enter the magnitude of the force.)
Force on truck driver? N
Force on car driver? N
Definition Definition Fundamental law of forces which states: “For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction." In other words, whenever one body exerts a force on a second body, the second body exerts an oppositely directed force of equal magnitude on the first body. It is also called the “action-reaction law” and was defined by Sir Isaac Newton.
Expert Solution
Consider that, both the car and truck are moving along the X-axis , but in opposite direction
According to the given data,
Initial velocity of the car (u 1 ) = 8 m/s;
Initial velocity of the truck (u 2 ) = - 8 m/s;
Mass of the car including driver is (m ) =800 Kg;
Mass of the truck including driver is (M ) = 4000 Kg;
Now, according to the law of conservation of linear momentum,
Here v1 and v2 are the final velocities after collision
But in a perfectly on elastic collision, both the car and truck stick together and moves with common velocity v
i.e., v1 = v2 =v
Equation (1) can be re write as
Here, negative sign shows that both the cars are moving along the negative x- axis
Now, the change in the speed of a car driver is
And the change in the speed of a truck driver is
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