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- How do we use these FOCs to show that (wtNt)/Yt =(1-α) if Yt = At Ktα Nt1-αJulie lives for two periods. She works in the first, saves some of her income, and retires inthe second and lives off her savings. For every coconut she saves today, she earns an interestrate of r = 2%. Julie’s generation comprises of 1,000 people and each generation grows byn% relative to the previous one.a. In the first period Julie saves 100 coconuts for retirement. How many coconuts will shehave when she retires?b. Now suppose that the government implements a pay-as-you-go social security system,forcing every person in Julie’s generation to pay 100 coconuts to a social security fund thatwill distribute the money to the currently old. In exchange, when Julie retires each youngperson will pay 100 coconuts to the social security fund, and the revenue will be dividedequally among the future retirees. How much will be the revenue of the social securitysystem, and how many coconuts will each retiree will receive?c. What will have to be the range of values for n so that the government’s…An increase in the initial stock of knowledge: Suppose we have two economies—let’s call them Earth and Mars—that are identical, except that one begins with astock of ideas that is twice as large as the other: A Earth 0 = 2 × A Mars0 Te two economies are so far apart that they don’t share ideas, and each evolves as a sepa-rate Romer economy. On a single graph (with a ratio scale), plot the behavior of per capita GDP on Earth and Mars over time. What is the efect of starting outwith more knowledge?
- 5) Suppose, Nepal was in general equilibrium before COVID-19. Explain the effect of increase in labor supply due to returnee’s migrants. Assume that everything else has not changed at all. Use IS-LM-FE model to answer.(50 points) Consider the two-period economy with investment discussed in class. Forthe sake of simplicity, assume that the utility is time separable and that the per-periodutility is equal to:u(C) = log CAssume also that the technology to produce the consumption goods has constant returns to scale. Moreover, capital is the only input to production. Hence the currentperiod technology can be represented as:Y = zK1where Y , K, and z stand for output, capital and total factor productivity in the currentperiod. The future period technology is akin to the current period technology. There isno government expenditure in the current and future period so that G = 0 and G0 = 0.Finally there is full capital depreciation, namely δ = 1.(a) (10 points) Write down the social planner’s problem. State the variables withrespect to which the social planner maximises.(b) (10 points) Derive the first order conditions to the planner problem. Rearrangethere condition to find the conditions characterising the…a) Let’s assume the real GDP of country Z is increasing. James concludes that now the citizens ofcountry Z can enjoy more goods and services. Why might his conclusion be wrong? Discuss indetail.b) The GDP of country A is higher than GDP of country B. Floyd concludes that the total incomeof the citizens of country A must be greater than country B. Why might his conclusion be wrong?When might his conclusion be correct?
- (a) Explain the characteristics of the production function used in the Heckscher-Ohlin (H-O)model. (b) Explain with the help of a graph how we can determine the specific combination oftwo goods that can be produced in the economy in the H-O model.Assume there are only two producing sector Y & Z in an economy. Calculatea) Gross value added at market price by each sector b) National income from the followings:Items Amount in CroresNet factor income from abroad- 20Sales by Y= 1000Sales by Z= 2000Change in stock of Z= -200C Closingstock of Y= 50 Opening stock of Y= 100Consumption of fixed capital by Y & Z= 180Indirect taxes paid by Y & Z= 120Purchase of raw material by Y= 500Purchase of raw material by Z= 600Exports by Z= 70In an OLG economy where each generation has 20 bananas when young, 0 bananas when old.With money, we can achieve cy=co=10, a balanced consumption pattern. This balanced consumption pattern can be implemented in reality through another government policy, which is ______A. unemployment benefitB. earned income tax creditC. social security
- Exercise 4: Growth and capital over-accumulationSuppose two countries, A and B, with the same production function Y = KαL1−α. Thevalue of α is 0.30, the growth rate of population is 2% and the depreciation rate is 5%.a) Show that with price-taking firms the share of labor must be 1 − α.b) Compute the stock of capital, output and consumption per unit of labor in the steadystate if the savings rates were 25% for country A and 35% for country B.c) Compare both economies to the Golden Rule.d) Explain what would happen to both countries if suddenly their savings rate becamethe Golden Rule savings rate.As technological change makes us more sedentary and food costs increase, obesity is likely. What factors do you think may limit obesity?Would you expect capital deepening to result in diminished1etmns? Why or why not? Would you expect improvements in technology to result in diminished returns? Why or why not?