Epinephrine is the chief neurotransmitter of the sympathetic nervous system. What effect would you expect it to have on the contractions of cardiac muscle? Explain.
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Epinephrine is the chief neurotransmitter of the sympathetic nervous system. What effect would you expect it to have on the contractions of cardiac muscle? Explain.
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- In a sheet of ventricular cardiac muscle tissue, we should be able to observe electricity spreading between adjacent muscle cells (TRUE or FALSE) and from Purkinje fibers to muscle cells (TRUE or FALSE) via electrical synapses that form between the cell membranes.The entry of calcium into a ventricular muscle cell helps to maintain depolarization of the membrane during the plateau phase of the action potential, but this calcium also performs what other function?What would be the drawback of cardiac contractions being the same duration as skeletal muscle contractions?
- Atropine works by blocking acetylcholine receptors. If you add acetylcholine to the heart, followed by atropine, what would you expect to happen? Explain.Action potentials are spread rapidly between cardiac muscle cells by a. sarcomeres. b. intercalated discs. c. chemical neurotransmitters. d. the fibrous skeleton.Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action of a cardiac glycoside? A) Strengthens ventricular contraction B) Inhibits sodium production C) Vasoconstriction D) Inhibits cholesterol formation
- In which direction does Ca2+ move in response to the opening of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels: into or out of the cardiac muscle cells?When you are cold, your blood vessels contract. However, your heart rate and blood pressure increases. Explain. What is the physiological function of increasing heart rate?We analyzed the difference between the action potential of a cardiac contractile cell and an action potential in a neuron. Describe the physiological mechanisms behind the primary difference in the shape of these two action potentials. Why is this feature important to the normal workings of the heart?