Ethylene (CH,CH,) is the starting point for a wide array of industrial chemical syntheses. For example, worldwide about 8.0 × 10" kg of polyethylene are made from ethylene each year, for use in everything from household plumbing to artificial joints. Natural sources of ethylene are entirely inadequate to meet world demand, so ethane (CH,CH,) from natural gas is "cracked" in refineries at high temperature in a kinetically complex reaction that produces ethylene gas and hydrogen gas. Suppose an engineer studying ethane cracking fills a 60.0 L reaction tank with 29.0 atm of ethane gas and raises the temperature to 500. °C. He believes K =0.30 at this temperature. Calculate the percent by mass of ethylene the engineer expects to find in the equilibrium gas mixture. Round your answer to 2 significant digits. Note for advanced students: the engineer may be mistaken about the correct value of K, and the mass percent of ethylene you calculate may not be what he actually observes.

Ethylene (CH,CH,) is the starting point for a wide array of industrial chemical syntheses. For example, worldwide about 8.0 × 10" kg of polyethylene are made from ethylene each year, for use in everything from household plumbing to artificial joints. Natural sources of ethylene are entirely inadequate to meet world demand, so ethane (CH,CH,) from natural gas is "cracked" in refineries at high temperature in a kinetically complex reaction that produces ethylene gas and hydrogen gas. Suppose an engineer studying ethane cracking fills a 60.0 L reaction tank with 29.0 atm of ethane gas and raises the temperature to 500. °C. He believes K =0.30 at this temperature. Calculate the percent by mass of ethylene the engineer expects to find in the equilibrium gas mixture. Round your answer to 2 significant digits. Note for advanced students: the engineer may be mistaken about the correct value of K, and the mass percent of ethylene you calculate may not be what he actually observes.

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter3: Stoichiometry

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 181CP

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A power plant is driven by the combustion of a complex fossil fuel having the formula C11H7S. Assume the air supply is composed of only N2 and O2 with a molar ratio of 3.76:1.00, and the N2 remains unreacted. In addition to the water produced, the fuels C is completely combusted to CO2 and its sulfur content is converted to SO2. In order to evaluate gases emitted at the exhaust stacks for environmental regulation purposes, the nitrogen supplied with the air must also be included in the balanced reactions. a Including the N2 supplied m the air, write a balanced combustion equation for the complex fuel assuming 100% stoichiometric combustion (i.e., when there is no excess oxygen in the products and the only C-containing product is CO2). Except in the case of N2, use only integer coefficients. b Including N2 supplied in the air, write a balanced combustion equation for the complex fuel assuming 120% stoichiometric combustion (i.e., when excess oxygen is present in the products and the only C-containing product is CO2). Except in the case of use only integer coefficients c Calculate the minimum mass (in kg) of air required to completely combust 1700 kg of C11H7S. d Calculate the air/fuel mass ratio, assuming 100% stoichiometric combustion. e Calculate the air/fuel mass ratio, assuming 120% stoichiometric combustion.
Suppose that you are closing a cabin in the north woods for the winter and you do not want the water in the toilet tank to freeze. You know that the temperature might get as low as 30. C, and you want to protect about 4.0 L water in the toilet tank from freezing. Calculate the volume of ethylene glycol (density = 1.113 g/mL; molar mass = 62.1 g/mol) you should add to the 4.0 L water.
When corn is allowed to ferment, the fructose in the corn is converted to ethyl alcohol according to the following reaction C6H12O6(aq)2C2H5OH(l)+2CO2(g)(a) What volume of ethyl alcohol (d=0.789g/mL) is produced from one pound of fructose? (b) Gasohol can be a mixture of 10 mL ethyl alcohol and 90 mL of gasoline. How many grams of fructose are required to produce the ethyl alcohol in one gallon of gasohol?
Cyclopropane mixed in the proper ratio with oxygen can be used as an anesthetic. At 755 mm Hg and 25C, it has a density of 1.71 g/L. (a) What is the molar mass of cyclopropane? (b) Cyclopropane is made up of 85.7% C and 14.3% H. What is the molecular formula of cyclopropane?
A rebreathing gas mask contains potassium superoxide, KO2, which reacts with moisture in the breath to give oxygen. 4KO2(s)+2H2O(l)4KOH(s)+3O2(g) Estimate the grams of potassium superoxide required to supply a persons oxygen needs for one hour. Assume a person requires 1.00 102 kcal of energy for this time period. Further assume that this energy can be equated to the heat of combustion of a quantity of glucose, C6H12O6, to CO2(g) and H2O(l). From the amount of glucose required to give 1.00 102 kcal of heat, calculate the amount of oxygen consumed and hence the amount of KO2 required. The ff0 for glucose(s) is 1273 kJ/mol.
The present average concentration (mass percent) of magnesium ions in seawater is 0.13%. A chemistry textbook estimates that if 1.00 × 108 tons Mg were taken out of the sea each year, it would take one million years for the Mg concentration to drop to 0.12%. Do sufficient calculations to either verify or refute this statement. Assume that Earth is a sphere with a diameter of 8000 mi, 67% of which is covered by oceans to a depth of 1 mi, and that no Mg is washed back into the oceans at any time.
5.127 Photosynthesis produces glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen from carbon dioxide and water:
As part of the aspirin synthesis lab the orgo students also had to perform the following calculation to demonstrate their knowledge. Are you able to help them work this out? Saponification is a process in which soap is produced from the chemical reaction between animal fat (triglycerides) and a strong base such as KOH. An example of such balanced chemical reaction is shown here: C51H98O6 + 3KOH → C3H5(OH)3 + 3C16H31O2K (Triglyceride) (Soap) if during the saponification reaction 231.5 g of C51H98O6 is mixed with 231.5 g of KOH and 160 g of soap is produced. Calculate the theoretical yield of soap C16H31O2K and indicate who is the limiting reactant. (Provide your answer to 2 decimal places) Calculate the percent yield for this reaction (Provide your answer to 1 decimal place) *Show ALL steps and mathematical equations involved in your calculations to help the orgo students. Remember to label all…
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One of the sources of iron is magnetite, Fe3O4 (FeO and Fe2O3 mixed), which reacts with coke (carbon) to produce iron in the liquid state and carbon monoxide. If we assume that coke is pure carbon, how much is supplied to produce 10,000 metric tons of iron?
Swimming pool water is often made safe for swimming by treating with chlorine in the form of sodium hypocholrite (NaOCI) solution. If a swimming pool contains 5.62×10^5L of water, what volume of 5.00% NaOCI (by mass) solution is required to produce a sodium hypoclorite concentrarion of 3.00×10^-7 mol /L? (assuume the density of water and the NaOCI solution is 1.00g/ml). Do not give handwriting solution.
Solutions of cyanide salts are still widely used in the extraction of gold metal from its ores. It is thereforenecessary to regularly monitor the quality of the reagents used to make such solutions.The purity of a sample of solid potassium cyanide is determined as follows: 5.00 g of the impure potassium cyanide is weighed off, and quantitatively transferred into a100.00 mL volumetric flask, dissolved and made up to the mark. A 10.00 mL portion of this solution is pipetted into a conical flask, and titrated with a 0.200 MKMnO4 solution. The endpoint of the titration is determined when the colourless solution in the conical flask turns abright pink due to the presence of excess permanganate ions. The average titration value is 20.69 mL of the KMnO4 solution.The reaction stoichiometry is as follows: 2KMno4(aq) + 3KCN(aq) + H2O(l) → 2MnO2(s) +3KOCN(aq) + 2KOH(aq) ૝1.1 Determine the percentage purity of the potassium cyanide.

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