Eukaryotic membrane fluidity can be decreased by which of the following mechanisms? increasing the degree of saturation in the fatty acids of membrane lipids decreasing the number of fatty acids attached to glycerol in membrane lipids decreasing the number of carbons in the fatty acids of membrane lipids increasing the number of branched chain fatty acids of membrane lipids increasing the number of membraned organelles in the eukaryotic cell

Which plasma membrane component can be either found on its surface or embedded in the membrane structure? a. protein b. cholesterol c. carbohydrate d. phospholipid

Which of the following methods of transport is being used to transfer the substance into the cell in the accompanying graph? a. diffusion down a concentration gradient b. osmosis c. facilitated diffusion d. active transport e. vesicular transport f. It is impossible to tell with the information provided.

Describe the general functions of the following in a eukaryotic cell: the plasma membrane, cytoplasm, DNA, ribosomes, organelles, and cytoskeleton.

Distinguish between the following pairs of terms: a. diffusion; osmosis b. passive transport; active transport c. endocytosis; exocytosis

Using the answer code on the right, indicate which membrane component is responsible for the function in question: 1. channel formation____________________________________ (a) lipid bilayer 2. barrier to passage of water- __________________ (b) proteins soluble substances ____________________________________ (c) carbohydrates 3. receptor sites 4. membrane fluidity 5. recognition of self 6. membrane-bound enzymes 7. structural boundary 8. carriers

Why is it advantageous for the cell membrane to be fluid in nature?

Organelles and Cystic Fibrosis A plasma membrane transport protein called CFTR moves chloride ions out of cells lining cavities and ducts of the lungs, liver, pancreas, intestines, and reproductive system. Water that follows the ions creates a thin film that allows mucus to slide easily through these structures. People with cystic fibrosis (CF) have too few copies of the CFTR protein in the plasma membranes of their cells. Not enough chloride ions leave the cells, and so not enough water leaves them either. The result is thick, dry mucus that clogs the airways to the lungs and other passages. Symptoms include difficulty breathing and chronic lung infections. In 2000, researchers tracked the cellular location of the CFTR protein as it was being produced in cells from people with CF (Figure 3.13). Figure 3.13 Cellular location of the CFTR protein. Graph compares the amounts of CFTR protein found in endoplasmic reticulum, vesicles travel in g from ER to Golgi, and Golgi bodies in CF cells and normal cells. Which organelle contains the least amount of CFTR protein in normal cells? In CF cells?

Organelles and Cystic Fibrosis A plasma membrane transport protein called CFTR moves chloride ions out of cells lining cavities and ducts of the lungs, liver, pancreas, intestines, and reproductive system. Water that follows the ions creates a thin film that allows mucus to slide easily through these structures. People with cystic fibrosis (CF) have too few copies of the CFTR protein in the plasma membranes of their cells. Not enough chloride ions leave the cells, and so not enough water leaves them either. The result is thick, dry mucus that clogs the airways to the lungs and other passages. Symptoms include difficulty breathing and chronic lung infections. In 2000, researchers tracked the cellular location of the CFTR protein as it was being produced in cells from people with CF (Figure 3.13). Figure 3.13 Cellular location of the CFTR protein. Graph compares the amounts of CFTR protein found in endoplasmic reticulum, vesicles traveling from ER to Golgi, and Golgi bodies in CF cells and normal cells. In which organelle is the amount of CFTR protein most similar in both types of cells?

What is the primary function of carbohydrates attached to the exterior of cell membranes? identification of the cell flexibility of the membrane strengthening the membrane channels through membrane