Explain how herd immunity of vaccinations creates a market inefficiency and how the government could intervene to achieve a socially efficient outcome. Use a fully labelled graph and verbal explanation in your answer and assume that the market for vaccines is perfect competition.

Explain how herd immunity of vaccinations creates a market inefficiency and how the government could intervene to achieve a socially efficient outcome. Use a fully labelled graph and verbal explanation in your answer and assume that the market for vaccines is perfect competition.

Economics:

10th Edition

ISBN:9781285859460

Author:BOYES, William

Publisher:BOYES, William

Chapter27: Markets And Government

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 5E

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Concept explainers

Market Failure Analysis

To understand Market failure, we need to first understand welfare economics. An Italian economist, Vilfredo Pareto stated that allocation of resources in an efficient manner such that an economic change, which harms no one and makes someone better off, indicates an increase in social welfare. It is also called Pareto Optimality, where resources cannot further be reallocated without harming one. This does not apply to those economic changes, which harm some and benefit others. social welfare increases if the utility of any of its members' increases and none decrease in the economy.

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Definition Definition Structure of the market that exists when many buyers and sellers exchange similar commodities and prices are fixed by market forces, demand, and supply. When there is perfect competition, a single business cannot impact the price or market value of the homogenous product.

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