Explain the difference between gene modification and gene addition.Are the following examples of gene modification or gene addition?A. A mouse model to study cystic fibrosisB. Introduction of a pesticide-resistance gene into corn using theT-DNA vector of A. tumefaciens

Q: Early gene-cloning experiments involved insertion at one restriction site in the vector; for…

A: Answer: Introduction: Restriction endonucleases enzymes which cut DNA at precise recognition sites.…

Q: linkage disequilibrium

A: a) Linkage:  Linkage is the phenomenon of certain genes staying together during inheritance…

Q: Transformation: A) O is the process by which a bacterium converts genetic information into a protein…

A: Prokaryotes are the single celled organisms (unicellular) and are the simplest form, which do not…

Q: In gene targeting, homologous recombination between thebacterial chromosome and a linear _______-…

A: Genetic engineering involves the process of using recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology to alter the…

Q: Which of the following can be a achieved by CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing tool? A. Knocking out…

A: CRISPR/Cas9 is a genome editing technology whose main function is to edit parts of genome by…

Q: Name any two diseases for which transgenic mice are used as model organisms.

A: The transgenic mouse is obtained by the introduction of foreign DNA into the genome of the mouse. It…

Q: Which of the following explains why prokaryotes have a bigger gene-to-genome size ratio compared to…

A: *prokaryotic genome is composed of  single or double stranded DNA molecule form of circle. The…

Q: How can recombination cause gene duplication  describe one example of a how a gene duplication…

A: So firstly we are going to learn what is Gene duplication and how it can occur due to formation of…

Q: Explain the role of restriction endonucleases in the process of genetic engineering.

A: Genetic engineering is a method adopted by various researchers to alter the genetic makeup of an…

Q: What is the advantage of using the neo gene to disrupt the function of a gene in knockout mice? a.…

A: Answer- Neo gene is amino 3'- glycosyl phosphotransferase which acts as a selectable marker in…

Q: Choose the model that correctly shows the regulatory relationships between the nanos, bicoid,…

A: Gene regulation is the process of regulation of expression of a gene. It means to regulate the…

Q: Which of the following statements uses the term homologous correctly?A. The two X chromosomes in…

A: Homologous genes refer to the genes that are inherited in two species by a common ancestor. These…

Q: How are ACE1 and ACE2 related to the structure and function of mRNA vaccines (Moderna & Pfizer…

A: Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE, aka ACE1) is another protein, also found in tissues such as the…

Q: In gene mapping using generalized transduction, bacterial genes that are cotransduced are a. far…

A: Transduction is a process used to map the bacterial genes. The transduction is of two types,…

Q: Consider a bacterium that can synthesize an imaginary amino acid called fictamine. Initially,…

A: ANSWER;-  i) Gene Y codes for enzyme 1 because when gene Y is mutated, the activity of enzyme 1 is…

Q: explain how the CRISPR/CAS9  can be used to modify the genome

A: CRISPR-Cas9 is a novel technique that allows geneticists and medical researchers to edit portions of…

Q: describe two blotting methods (i.e., Northern blottingand Western blotting) used to detect gene…

A: Northern blotting The northern blotting is a molecular biology technique used to study gene…

Q: Describe how the CRISPR-Cas system is used to modify genomes

A: Ans: CRISPR-Cas system which is the short form of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic…

Q: When considering gene therapies to treat human diseases, clinical scientists make a distinction…

A: Genes and chromosomes can mutate in either somatic or germinal tissue, and these changes are called…

Q: A bacterial transformation is performed with a donor strain that is resistant to four drugs, A, B,…

A: The genetic alterations of a cell that results from the direct uptake and integration of exogenous…

Q: Which of the following is not true of cDNA produced using human brain tissue as the starting…

A: The cDNA stands for complimentary deoxyribonucleic acid. DNA is the hereditary unit of an organism.…

Q: Some S. aureus strains can produce an enzyme called beta-lactamase, which breaks down beta-lactam…

A: bacteria have dna as their genetic material .

Q: Predict whether loss of the following E. coli genes would be lethal or not: (a) dnaB (which encodes…

A: Escherichia coli (E.coli) consists of many essential genes that are required for the survival of the…

Q: What is gene therapy? Illustrate using the example of adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency.

A: Genetic engineering is a process through which the desired gene of interest is introduced into the…

Q: How to incorporate prokaryotic gene into eukaryotic cell to make an transgenic organism?In this case…

A: Transformation is a technique used to incorporate foreign DNA into a target organism. In this case,…

Q: Explain in detail the AMES test which is used to test for the mutagenic potential of different…

A: "Microbiology" is the study of microorganisms and associated topics. Microbiology has gone a long…

Q: A specialized plasmid vector that has an E.coli promoter upstream of a restriction site into which…

A: Vectors are DNA molecules that act as transporting vehicle which carries foreign DNA into a host…

Q: Can you think and answer how a reporter enzyme can be used to monitor transformation of host cells…

A: An example of a reporter gene is the Lac Z gene, this gene encodes for fluorescent proteins in the…

Q: A. What is random mutagenesis? B. How many people a year die due to insecticide misuse and exposure?

A: Selective breeding practises having existed for crops ever since man started cultivation. So there…

Q: disease caused by an error in the nucleotide excision repair process that fixes damage to DNA by…

A:

Q: Explain how a gene knockdown reagent, such as RNAI or a morpholino, could interfere with expression…

A: The experimental process by which the expression of one or more genes of organisms is reduced is…

Q: In recombinant DNA technology, vectors are used to transfer a gene of interest in the host cells.…

A: Vector is a DNA sequence which serves as a vehicle for transferring the gene of interest from one…

Q: Which of the following is an example of epigenetics? a. X-inactivation. b. metagenomic analysis of…

A: Genes are the stretch of DNA that code for proteins.

Q: Is it possible to induce the protein expression of a yeast gene from a prokaryotic expression vector…

A: Yes this is possible... First we isolate the yeast species which are needed for protein expression.…

Q: Explain the strategy by which a human gene can be cloned into a bacterial plasmid vector for…

A: Cloning vectors act as a vehicle to transfer desired foreign genetic material into a cell. All these…

Q: Explain the process of the DNA recombination for the production of Golden Rice from conventional…

A: Golden Rice is a rice type (Oryza sativa) that has been genetically modified to generate…

Q: Unusually high levels of Mdr1 provide stem cells with a. Nutrients needed b. Protection of their…

A: Stem cells are cells that has the ability to differentiate into different cells found in the body.

Q: what are some of the benefits of producing transgenic crops for farmers and for consumers? List at…

A: A wide range of crop requirement increase day by day. To fulfillment of crop requirement scientists…

Q: Explain why a cloning vector usually includes a selectable marker.

A: A cloning vector is a small piece of DNA that can be stably maintained in an organism, and into…

Q: Briefly compare (a) restriction enzymes, (b) engineered nucleases and (c) CRISPR-Cas in terms of…

A: -The restriction enzymes are produced by bacteria in natural conditions and they use this enzymes to…

Q: describe one example of an SNP that resulted in

A: A SNP could be a variation of one nucleotide between people

Q: Define the following terms: a. nonreplicative transposition b. transposable element c. bacterial…

A: Horizontal gene transfer or lateral gene transfer is a genetic transfer method by which the genetic…

Q: Which of these methods is appropriate for making a mouse model for cystic fibrosis, which is a…

A: Model organisms are organisms that have certain characteristics that make them useful for genetic…

Q: Explain the rationale behind the use of the “bag of worms” phenotype as a way to identify…

A: A mutation refers to an alteration in the genome or genetic material of a living organism’s cells or…

Q: Describe how you diagnose a disease arising from the deletion of a gene using Short tandem repeats…

A: Molecular Markers is a piece of DNA that is used to locate certain regions in the genome.

Q: Name "the variations in DNA sequences between individuals as determined by differences in…

A: Restriction enzyme is an enzyme or protein used to cleave DNA into fragments and clone them.These…

Q: Two methods for functionally inactivating a gene without altering the gene sequence involve dominant…

A: RNA interference, also known as RNA silencing, is a biological process that involves the involvement…

Genetic Recombination

Recombination is crucial to this process because it allows genes to be reassorted into diverse combinations. Genetic recombination is the process of combining genetic components from two different origins into a single unit. In prokaryotes, genetic recombination takes place by the unilateral transfer of deoxyribonucleic acid. It includes transduction, transformation, and conjugation. The genetic exchange occurring between homologous deoxyribonucleic acid sequences (DNA) from two different sources is termed general recombination. For this to happen, an identical sequence of the two recombining molecules is required. The process of genetic exchange which occurs in eukaryotes during sexual reproduction such as meiosis is an example of this type of genetic recombination.

Microbial Genetics

Genes are the functional units of heredity. They transfer characteristic information from parents to the offspring.