Explain the electrical and mechanical events in the cardiac cycle, including their relationship to the electrocardiogram

Q: Describe the autonomic innervation of the heart.

A: The heart is innervated by sympathetic and parasympathetic fibres from the autonomic branch of the…

Q: Describe the heart’s pacemaker and internal electrical conduction system.

A: The heart can be defined as the muscular organ which is about the size of a fist and is situated…

Q: Describe how the pressure in the left ventricle and in the systemic arteries varies during the…

A: The heart is a muscular organ that is divided into the left and right sides to prevent the mixing of…

Q: Estimate the ejection fraction of the failing heart at a typical normal end-diastolic volume?

A: Ejection fraction estimation - It is the measurement of the amount of blood pump from left ventricle…

Q: Describe the spread of excitation from the SA node through the restof the heart?

A: In the mammalian heart, the heartbeat originated from the cardiac muscles. The heartbeat originated…

Q: Draw and label a normal ECG. Relate the P, QRS, and T waves to the atrial and ventricular action…

A: Draw and label a normal ECG. Relate the P, QRS, and T waves to the atrial and ventricular action…

Q: Explain how the heart is a double pump and why this is significant

A: Human heart is situated in the space of thoracic cavity present between two lungs.

Q: Discuss the regulation of cardiac output during exercise.

A: The cells are the primary unit of life. The cells form the tissues which collectively form an organ.…

Q: Describe how and why cardiac anatomy changes at birth?

A: The cardiovascular system comprises the heart, which is the anatomical pump with its internal parts…

Q: Compare and contrast pressure and volume changes of the left ?and right ventricles and the aorta…

A: Answer: Introduction: The heart is present in the thoracic (Thorax) cavity medially among the lungs…

Q: Interpret Ventricular tachycardias from ECG with graph

A: The function of the electrocardiogram(ECG) is to trace the electrical activity of the heart. In a…

Q: Relate the timing of heart sounds to the ECG waves and pressure changes during systole and diastole.

A: ECG stands for Electrocardiogram. It is the graphical representation of the conduction system and…

Q: Describe the structure of the heart and its components.

A: HEART: It is a muscular organ. It is the foundation of the cardiovascular system. Size: About a…

Q: Describe the pressure changes in the atria and ventriclesduring a cardiac cycle.

A: The heart is an organ found in animals which is specialised to pump blood in the body. The heart is…

Q: Describe the pathway of electrical conduction of the heart, starting with the SA node. How does…

A: In the heart, the contraction of the heart muscle is promoted by the electrical conduction system…

Q: Describe the pacemaker potential and the myocardial action potential, and explain how the latter…

A: Heart is the major pumping organ in our circulatory system. It has two types of cells namely;…

Q: Describe the cardiac center and innervation of the heart.

A: The heart refers to an organ that pumps and provides blood supply to the body via the blood vessels.…

Q: Explain the working of heart.

A: The heart is a muscular organ and is a structure associated with the cardiovascular system.

Q: Describe the effects of sympathetic and parasympathetic neuronal stimulation on heart rate.

A: the effects of sympathetic and parasympathetic neuronal stimulation on heart rate are:

Q: List other factors that affect heart rate

A: Heart rate is the rate at which heart beats per minute. The average adult heart rate is 72 beats per…

Q: Describe the mechanisms that increase the cardiac output during exercise and that increase the rate…

A: When a person is exercising there are various circulatory changes that occur in his/her body. The…

Q: Describe the factors that influence preload and afterload, and explain how they affect cardiac…

A: Cardiac output is  defined as a amount of blood  heart pumps in a  minute, and also  it depends on…

Q: Explain the events in a cardiac cycle.

A: The cardiac cycle is referred to as one heartbeat that consists of one cycle of contraction and…

Q: Identify the structures of the heart and explain the function of each part.

A: Structures of Heart are chambers, valves, arteries, and veins. They function to receive and pump…

Q: Describe the anatomy of movement of the wave of cell depolarization throughout the heart during the…

A: The cardiac cycle:It is comprised of a whole relaxation and contraction of both the atrium and…

Q: Identify the parts of the cardiac conduction system

A: The heart is the main organ of the human body that pumps oxygenated blood to the whole body and…

Q: Describe one cardiac cycle,beginning with both atria and ventricle relaxed?

A: The cardiac cycle is referred to as one heartbeat that consists of one cycle of contraction and…

Q: Summarize the normal ECG configurations and heart activity?

A: ECG is basically the graphical representation of the heart activity during a routine cardiac cycle.…

Q: Describe one cardiac cycle, beginning with both atriaand ventricles relaxed

A: Animal physiology is the systematic study of the supporting features, roles, and processes of…

Q: Describe the histology of the cardiac muscle and how it differs from the skeletal muscle

A: The muscular system is a system of muscles where muscles are connected to bones and also to envelope…

Q: Explain how the blood volume in the left ventricle changes throughout the cardiac cycle in response…

A: Answer:  CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM : In all multicellular organisms there is a system which transports…

Q: Describe what happens to the chambers of the heart during diastole

A: Heart consists of four chambers to ventricles and two Atria. Diastole and systole are two phases of…

Q: Provide the alternative terms for the contraction and relaxation of heart chambers.

A: The human heart is the one organ that powers the entire body. Without it we wouldn’t be able to do…

Q: Describe the control of cardiac function by the autonomic nerves

A: ANS ( Autonomic Nervous system ) is responsible for controlling many physiological functions…

Q: Define Cardiac Output, give its relationship with Stroke Volume.

A: Introduction - The heart is a muscular organ the size of a fist that is placed directly behind and…

Q: Describe what occurs in the heart during systole and diastole.

A: The heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood through the blood vessels of the circulatory system.…

Q: Define a cardiac cycle and the cardiac output.

A: Cardiac system or in clinical terms , the cardiovascular system is defined by the entire organ…

Q: Describe the spread of the action potential through the heart’s conduction system.

A: A transient shift in voltage (membrane potential) across the cell membrane of heart cells is…