Discuss the regulation of cardiac output during exercise.

Q: Describe the heart’s pacemaker and internal electrical conduction system.

A: The heart can be defined as the muscular organ which is about the size of a fist and is situated…

Q: Describe how the pressure in the left ventricle and in the systemic arteries varies during the…

A: The heart is a muscular organ that is divided into the left and right sides to prevent the mixing of…

Q: Measure systolic and diastolic blood pressure at rest and after exercise

A: KEY WORDS:- Blood pressure - Blood pressure (BP) is the exerted pressure in the arteries . Pressure…

Q: Consider the equation cardiac output (CO) = stroke volume (SV) X heart rate Which of the following…

A: Afterload is the pressure the heart must work against to eject blood during systole. When…

Q: Given heart rate = 72 bpm, stroke volume = 70 mL, calculate cardiac output.

A: Stroke volume: All the blood from body enters into right atrium from where it is pumped into right…

Q: Between 30 and 80 years of age, the cardiac output decreases by about A. 10 percent B. 20 percent C.…

A: Cardiac output is defined as the quantity of blood pumped out of the heart through the circulatory…

Q: Discuss that main factors that control heart rate?

A: We know that, Carotid arteries carry blood from the heart to the brain. They branch off from the…

Q: Cardiac output cannot increase indefinitely because (a) available filling time becomes shorter as…

A: The circulatory system is a blood vessels network that delivers blood to body's every part. Blood…

Q: Explain how Cardiac output is controlled and affected by the following factors: 1. the atrial and…

A: Atrial reflexes is in action when there is venous return to the heart. Baroreceptors in the superior…

Q: Define the term Control of Stroke Volume?

A: Cell is the basic unit of life. Based on the number of cells an organism may be prokaryotic or…

Q: Describe the pressure changes in the atria and ventriclesduring a cardiac cycle.

A: The heart is an organ found in animals which is specialised to pump blood in the body. The heart is…

Q: What compensatory measures does the body employ in an attempt to restore cardiac output?

A: The circulatory system is one of the most essential systems in the body. The function of the…

Q: What is the limiting cardiovascular factor in endurance exercise?

A: Endurance exercise is also called aerobic exercise. It involves activities that elevate breathing…

Q: Describe the effects of sympathetic and parasympathetic neuronal stimulation on heart rate.

A: the effects of sympathetic and parasympathetic neuronal stimulation on heart rate are:

Q: Explain differences between action potentials of cardiac muscle cells and those in nodal cells of…

A: On the surface of the heart, muscle fibers are arranged to form a fused interconnected mass termed a…

Q: Describe the factors that influence preload and afterload, and explain how they affect cardiac…

A: Cardiac output is  defined as a amount of blood  heart pumps in a  minute, and also  it depends on…

Q: Describe the process of Contraction Coupling in the Cardiac Muscle?

A: Answer: Introduction: Cardiac muscle, comprised of the contractile cells of the heart, contain a…

Q: Describe the physiology behind the change in blood pressure and heart rate change after exercise

A: The blood pressure is the pressure that is applied on the walls of the arteries. The pressure is…

Q: Describe the anatomy of movement of the wave of cell depolarization throughout the heart during the…

A: The cardiac cycle:It is comprised of a whole relaxation and contraction of both the atrium and…

Q: Identify the parts of the cardiac conduction system

A: The heart is the main organ of the human body that pumps oxygenated blood to the whole body and…

Q: Explain the relationship between stroke volume and venous return.

A: The cardiovascular system consists of the heart, blood vessels and blood. The heart is a hollow…

Q: Give description of blood supply in cardiac muscle?

A: Blood consists of a fluid medium called plasma in which the cells are suspended. Plasma transports…

Q: Parasympathetic stimulation also increases the delay between atrial and ventricular contractions.…

A: In physiology, the parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for the stimulation of…

Q: Define the term homeostasis. Define the term set point. Explain how a normal range of values for…

A: Since you have posted a question with multiple sub-parts, we will solve first three sub- parts for…

Q: Briefly describe how RAAS and ADH affect blood pressure

A: The pressure that the circulating blood exerts against the walls of the blood vessels is referred to…

Q: Define cardiac output and given numerical values compute the cardiac output

A: Cardiac output is a term which describes the amount of blood being pumped by the heart through the…

Q: Discuss the mechanism underlying AP generation by cardiac autorhythmic cells

A: Simply put, a cardiac arrhythmia is an abnormal heart rate and/or rhythm that is not biologically…

Q: Can you please explain in detail :  is the ventricular afterload a determinant of cardiac…

A: Cardiac Output- This is the process in which blood volume used to ejected by the heart/ unit time.…

Q: Explain how the heart rate, pulse period and pulse amplitude changed with exercise and why?

A: The circulatory system is one of the major systems of the human body. The circulatory system…

Q: explain the regulation of cardiovascular adjustments to exercise

A: In the body, the blood is circulated by the action of the cardiovascular system. It is by this…

Q: Describe the control of cardiac function by the autonomic nerves

A: ANS ( Autonomic Nervous system ) is responsible for controlling many physiological functions…

Q: Explain the generation of cardiac action potential. Describe the cardiac conduction system and…

A: Introduction Cardiac action potential includes the changes in the membrane potential across the cell…

Q: Define Cardiac Output, give its relationship with Stroke Volume.

A: Introduction - The heart is a muscular organ the size of a fist that is placed directly behind and…

Q: Describe the control of heart rate during and afterexercise.

A: Heart - heart is a body organ which pumps blood through blood vessel to the circulatory system.…

Q: below are a number of scenarios. Please determine and explain how each will impact cardiac output.…

A: Cardiac output is the product of heart rate and stroke volume and it is measured in liters per…

Q: During heavy exercise, how much cardiac output may increase?

A: Cardiac output is the amount of blood pumped by the heart into the aorta in one minute. Heart beats…

Q: Define cardiac output, and explain how it is influenced by both heart rate and stroke volume.

A: The cardiac cycle is the human heart's performance from the beginning of one heartbeat to the…

Q: Discuss the effects of gravity on blood flow?

A: Blood is the circulatory fluid of the body. It is a buffer that bears the fluctuations in the pH of…

Q: There are three major factors that affect stroke volume and therefore affect cardiac output:…

A: Cardiac output is a phenomenon in cardiovascular physiology that is characterized by the rate of…

Q: Explain the mechanism of the contractions of the heart and how it is regulated?

A: The heart is a muscular organ that is divided into four chambers: Left auricle (LA), right auricle…

Q: Describe the mechanism of action of cardiac glycosides, such as digitalis.

A: Cardiac glycosides drugs example are digoxin and digitoxin.  These drugs are used in the treatment…

Q: How much of the total cardiac output may increase during the performance of heavy exercise?

A: The word "cardiac output" refers to the amount of blood pumped by the heart every minute. The…