Explain the experimental procedure used byLoewenstein to determine the size of molecules that can passthrough gap-junction channels.

Q: What functions do Na1/K1-ATPase membrane pumps play in the membrane potential?

A: In biological cells there is difference between the electric potential of interior and exterior…

Q: hat can scientists learn about ion channels from studying them using the patch-clamp method?

A: Membranes are selectively permeable to certain ions and molecules. Ion channels are the specialized…

Q: A single type of ion may pass through several different typesof channels. Explain the term with an…

A: Pore forming transmembrane proteins associated with transport of specific ions in or out of the…

Q: Define the term receptor potential (TRP) proteins?

A: Receptor proteins that bind to a particular ligand. They remain on the cell membrane, while ligands…

Q: Which of the following channel types does not need 5 subunits to make a functional channel pore? a.…

A: The nervous system is one of the organ systems in the human body. It is involved in coordinating the…

Q: Alpha subunits of Kir channels contain transmembrane segments. 4 12 2.

A: Kv stands for voltage gated potassium channel. Kir channels stands for inwardly rectifying potassium…

Q: What happens to the membrane potential inside and outside of the cell when Cl- channels are open?

A: Ion channels are integral proteins that provide for the regulated transport of a specific ion, or…

Q: Briefly describe the basic structure steps for ion (Na and K channel to function in terms of…

A: Voltage-gated ion channels are transmembrane channels that are activated when change occurs in the…

Q: Describe the mechanism through which a potassium channel can selectively move K* ions across a…

A: Answer : The awareness gradient and the huge range of K+ ion leak channels permit kt to be inhibited…

Q: Given the existence of leak channels for both K  and Na , could the membrane repolarize C688 if the…

A: Ion use transport protein known as gated or leak channels to enter the cell. It is known as…

Q: what is membrane potential?please briefly define.

A: The outermost layer of all animal cell is cell membrane which is made up of lipid bilayer with…

Q: How does the Na+/K+ pump contribute to the development of a membrane potential?

A: Na+/K+ pump or Sodium-Potassium pump is an enzyme present in cell membrane of all animals.Its role…

Q: Please asap. thanku Which channel types does not need 5 subunits to make a functional channel pore?

A: Ion Channels --- Ion channels play important role in regulating cellular excitation. These are…

Q: Explain the Nature and Magnitude of the Resting Membrane Potential?

A: Neurons are the important brain cells that generate electric signals by the changes in the cell…

Q: What happens to the membrane potential inside and outside of the cell when K+ channels are open?

A: Potassium Channels are actually membrane proteins that allows  K+ ions to come in across the cell…

Q: What functions do Na1/K1-ATPase membrane pumps play in the membrane potential? Are these functions…

A: Na+/K+ ATPase also known sodium-potassium ATPase pump is an enzyme found in the membrane of all…

Q: Explain the Structures of activators?

A: Activator;- are modular proteins contains a single DNA binding domain  and one are few activation…

Q: <plain the following: What factors affect RMP? Why does a depolarizing stimulu

A: Since you have asked multiple questions, we will solve the first question for you. If you want any…

Q: How does the Na+–K+pump exchange sodium ions forpotassium ions across the plasma membrane? What…

A: This is example of active transporter which require ATP as energy source for transport against the…

Q: Batrachotoxin (BTX) is a steroidal alkaloid from the skin of Phyllobates terribilis , a poisonous…

A: The membrane exhibits different ion channels, which open and closed based on the signaling process.

Q: Describe Cross-Bridge Activation?

A: When the nervous system sends a signal to the muscles for the contraction. The stimulus, an action…

Q: How does the voltage sensor of a voltage-gated ion channel work?

A: In a voltage-gated ion channel have a voltage sensor. These voltage sensors are sensitive to changes…

Q: The model of an ion channel is composed of five polypeptide subunits. What are they?

A: The ion channel play an important role in the transmission of electrical signals along the membrane…

Q: What is the most important thing, i.e. what has the biggest impact of determining the resting…

A: The amount of special potassium in the interval is usually important for resting resource control…

Q: What is an important characteristic of ion channels?

A: Introduction: Ion channels are membrane proteins that form pores for ions to pass through the pore…

Q: Membrane channels and carriers both show changes in protein conformation.  What is the role of such…

A: Introduction:- Cell membranes are selectively permeable, allowing only certain chemicals to pass…

Q: Define the term ligand-gated ion channels?

A: Ion channels are the specialized proteins in the plasma membrane. It help to provide a passageway…

Q: Define the term channel gating?

A: Cells are functional units of living organisms. For the proper functioning of multicellular…

Q: Explain how the crystal structures of potassium ion channels suggest the way in which the…

A: Potassium channels ubiquitously exist in almost in all kingdoms of life and perform very diverse but…

Q: Three currents are produced by a 56 mV depolarization leading to an action potential in a squid axon…

A: It is related to action potential

Q: Calculate the equilibrium membrane potentials to be expected across a membrane at 37 °C, with a NaCl…

A: The electrical potential difference across the cell membrane that exactly balances the concentration…

Q: e to the high negative polarity of the s only during the repolarization ph.

A: In absolute refractory period is the time when no further stimulus (no matter how strong) will cause…

Q: What is the Direction of net flux Through Protein Channel?

A: The cell membrane is made of a phospholipid bilayer which is essentially a semi-permeable membrane.…

Q: Which of these actin protrusions have a three dimensional arrangement?

A: The expansion of cellular membranes is known as protrusion. A leading protrusion, which is part of a…

Q: Explain why G protein–mediated receptor systems depend onmembrane fluidity.

A: The cell membrane, also known as the plasma membrane, is made up of a double layer of phospholipids.…

Q: Would you classify NMDA receptors as ionotropic ormetabotropic? Why?

A: Metabotropic receptors are receptors to which a non-ionic ligand binds and it will open a G-protein…

Q: Some cytoplasmic kinases, enzymes that phosphorylate substrates at the expense of ATP, bind to…

A: Signal Transduction A basic process involving the conversion of a signal from outside the cell to a…

Q: How does the movement of ICF K+ ions down its concentration gradient affect membrane potential?

A: In a biological cell, the difference in electric potential between inside and outside is called…

Q: Classify calcium channel blocker. SAR of C3, C4 and C5 substitution of 1,4-Dihydropyridine.

A: The calcium channel blocker that is CCD, is a kind of drug that blocks the calcium ion channel…

Q: What is the role of dynamin in recycling synaptic vesicles? What evidence supports this?

A: GTP bonding protein, also referred to as G protein. G protein is found in eukaryotic cells and is…

Q: Why is the sodium-potassium pump indirectly important to the ac-tion potential and to maintaining…

A: The sodium and potassium particles are pumped in inverse ways over the layer. This pump manufacture…

Q: Why the reversal potential of ligand-gated ion channels is around zero?

A: The Ligand-gated ion channels, which are also known as ionotropic receptors, are a group of…

Q: Membrane Potential (mV) +35 O -50 -70 0 1 B C D 2 Time (milliseconds) 3 E 4 Use the figure showing…

A: Generation of nerve impulse in nerve fibers depends upon the distribution of Na+ and K+ in and out…

Q: Discuss the structural and functional relevance of re-entrant loops (sometimes known as pore loops)…

A: INTRODUCTION Ion channels are pore-forming membrane proteins that allow ions to pass through the…

Osmosis

In simple words, osmosis is the slow, gradual movement of a liquid through a membrane. But there are nuances to this process. For instance, there has to be an imbalance in the distribution of solute in the liquid on either side of the membrane, which has to be semipermeable. The liquid in the region with a lower solute concentration moves to the region with a higher concentration, thereby displacing the solution in the process. The objective is to equalize the concentration of molecules on both sides of the membrane; the displacement of liquid can be viewed as a byproduct of this equalization. Since there is no energy required to carry osmosis, it is considered a passive process.