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Explain the following in terms of structure and Magnesium has a higher melting temperature than sodium a very high melting temperature tomnerature than phosphorus oriod 3.

Explain the following in terms of structure and Magnesium has a higher melting temperature than sodium a very high melting temperature tomnerature than phosphorus oriod 3.

Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
10th Edition
ISBN:9781337399074
Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Chapter21: The Chemistry Of The Main Group Elements
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 119IL
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3. The elements of Period 3 of the P.T are: sodium, magnesium, aluminium, silicon, phosphorus, sulphur, chlorine and argon. a) From among these elements give the formula of a: i) Solid ionic chloride b) The oxides of these elements exist in three different structural forms. For eacn han structural form give the formula of an oxide. c) From among the oxides of these elements i) Choose an oxide and show how it behaves as a strong acid. ii) Choose an oxide and show how it behaves as a strong base. D(i) which of the oxides is amphoteric? ii) Write balanced equations to show its amphoteric character. the oxides of the elements of Period 3 vary across ii) Solid covalent chloride iii) Liquid chloride 4. This question concerns the hydrides of a range of elements a) In each of the following cases, give the name of a hydride and write an equation for the reaction described! i) a hydride, which hydroiyses rapidly and extensively in cold water. ii) A hydride which is spontaneously flammabie in air ii) A hydride which on electrolysis in the molten state gives hydrogen at the anode jv) a hydride which in water gives a dibasic acid v) A hydride which in water gives a weak alkali • vi) A hydride which can act as a ligand with d-block metal ions b) Give the names of two hydrides which combine with each other to form an addition. compound and write an equation for the reaction. c) Suggest an explanation for the ability of carbon to form long chain hydrocarbons. d) The enthalpy of combustion of methane is highly exothermic. To what do you attribute t stability of methane in air? d) Suggest a reason for the large difference in boiling points of methane and water. 5. a) Explain the term periodic trend when applied to trends in the periodic table. b) Explain why atomic radius decreases across period 2 from lithium to fluorine. c) The table below shows the melting temperatures of the period 3 elements. CI Ar Al Si 84 Mg 923 Na 392 172 Element 933 1680 317 371 Tm /K Explain the following in terms of structure and bonding i) ii) ii) iv) Magnesium has a higher melting temperature than sodium Silicon has a very high melting temperature Sulphur has a higher melting temperature than phosphorus Argon has the lowest melting temperature in period 3.
Transcribed Image Text:3. The elements of Period 3 of the P.T are: sodium, magnesium, aluminium, silicon, phosphorus, sulphur, chlorine and argon. a) From among these elements give the formula of a: i) Solid ionic chloride b) The oxides of these elements exist in three different structural forms. For eacn han structural form give the formula of an oxide. c) From among the oxides of these elements i) Choose an oxide and show how it behaves as a strong acid. ii) Choose an oxide and show how it behaves as a strong base. D(i) which of the oxides is amphoteric? ii) Write balanced equations to show its amphoteric character. the oxides of the elements of Period 3 vary across ii) Solid covalent chloride iii) Liquid chloride 4. This question concerns the hydrides of a range of elements a) In each of the following cases, give the name of a hydride and write an equation for the reaction described! i) a hydride, which hydroiyses rapidly and extensively in cold water. ii) A hydride which is spontaneously flammabie in air ii) A hydride which on electrolysis in the molten state gives hydrogen at the anode jv) a hydride which in water gives a dibasic acid v) A hydride which in water gives a weak alkali • vi) A hydride which can act as a ligand with d-block metal ions b) Give the names of two hydrides which combine with each other to form an addition. compound and write an equation for the reaction. c) Suggest an explanation for the ability of carbon to form long chain hydrocarbons. d) The enthalpy of combustion of methane is highly exothermic. To what do you attribute t stability of methane in air? d) Suggest a reason for the large difference in boiling points of methane and water. 5. a) Explain the term periodic trend when applied to trends in the periodic table. b) Explain why atomic radius decreases across period 2 from lithium to fluorine. c) The table below shows the melting temperatures of the period 3 elements. CI Ar Al Si 84 Mg 923 Na 392 172 Element 933 1680 317 371 Tm /K Explain the following in terms of structure and bonding i) ii) ii) iv) Magnesium has a higher melting temperature than sodium Silicon has a very high melting temperature Sulphur has a higher melting temperature than phosphorus Argon has the lowest melting temperature in period 3.
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