Explain why a cell lineage diagram is necessary to determine if a mutation is heterochronic.

Q: Briefly explain how patterns of DNA methylation are transmitted across cell divisions.

A: DNA methylation is a biological mechanism that attaches methyl groups to DNA molecule. Methylation…

Q: What is the difference in meaning between the terms geneticrecombination and crossing over?

A: Genetics is the branch of biology which deals with genes, heredity, and genome in the organism.…

Q: Using a particular family as a model, how do you distinguish nuclear from extrachromosomal…

A: Distinguish nuclear inheritance from extrachromosomal inheritance.

Q: Contrast gene paralogs with gene orthologs.

A: The functional and structural unit of inheritance is a gene. These are composed of DNA. There are…

Q: In a species of rat, the map unit distance between genes A, B, C and D were as follows: (in the…

A: There are 4 genes : A , B , C , D in the species of rat. Basically ,  Map unit or m.u or cM is the…

Q: Give a reason for the discontinuous synthesis of DNA on one of the parental strands?

A: DNA( deoxyribonucleic acid) is the double-stranded molecule that is the genetic material in most…

Q: Define nonsense mutation and silent mutation.

A: In genetics, the mutation is defined as the process of change or alteration in the DNA sequences of…

Q: Describe the most common molecular mechanism for recessively inherited human genetic diseases such…

A: Cystic fibrosis is an inherited life threatening disorder which damages lungs and digestive system.…

Q: Explain the two major mechanisms by whichchromosomal rearrangements take place.

A: The breaking and reassembling of chromosomal segments accompanying evolution that can occur within…

Q: Explain about the pleiotropic gene.

A: A gene is a stretch of nucleotides present in the DNA. It codes for the synthesis of an RNA or…

Q: Why are diseases due to microsatellite amplification, even though they have a monogenic pattern of…

A: The classical inheritance is the type of inheritance pattern in which mendelian laws are followed…

Q: With regard to the numbers of sex chromosomes, explain whydosage compensation is necessary

A: Epigenetic inheritance is one of the examples of non-Mendelian inheritance pattern. It is an…

Q: Define the Genomic Instability in cancer cells ? What is leads to ?

A: Genes are the elements that holds responsible for various vital functions in the body. Genes are…

Q: Person A has a mutation in a chromosome in a liver cell, while person B has a mutation in a…

A: Mutation refers to sudden heritable change in the phenotype of an individual. In the molecular term,…

Q: A new mutation that occurs in which type of cell can be passed | on to offspring?

A: The mutation in egg cell or sperm cell can be passed to the offspring If a mutation that occur in…

Q: “In an organism that reproduces asexually, there is no difference between a somatic cell mutation…

A: Somatic mutations These refers to the mutations in a single body cell, which cannot be inherited.…

Q: Considering the following chromosome which is represented as a series of genes on each arm separated…

A: The abrupt changes in DNA sequences is called as mutation it may be of many types for example point…

Q: how mispairing of homologous chromosomes could have led to the formation of a gene that codes for a…

A: *Unequal crossing over occurs when loci is similar in sequence will undergo homologous recombination…

Q: • Whether a mutation is recessive or dominant to wild typedepends on how drastically the protein…

A: Mutations are defined as the change in the sequence of DNA of an organism due to any environmental…

Q: Explain the difference between maternal inheritance of organelle DNAs and maternal effect…

A: Branch of biology that deals with the concepts of inheritance and variation is called genetics. It…

Q: How parental age affect mutation rates in the Zygote/offspring. Why does a woman’s age impact the…

A: Any alteration in the nucleotide sequence of an organism's genome is known as mutation. Age of the…

Q: Why dominant negative mutation shows the haploinsufficiency  ?

A: A mutation is a change that occurs in our DNA sequence, either due to mistake when the DNA is copied…

Q: If a cell is deficient of Separase, how would this affect the chromosome dynamic during mitosis and…

A: Separase is a protein that is also referred to as separin. It is an important part of the cohesin…

Q: Suppose that you wished to determine the number of pseudogenes related to a particular gene in an…

A: There will some steps which you should follow.

Q: In 1-3 sentences:  define the term and the relationship between the terms (a) Deletion (b)…

A: A mutation is a change that occurs in our DNA sequence, either due to mistakes when the DNA is…

Q: Describe the flanking of eukaryotic genes by nucleosome-freeregions, and explain how nucleosomes are…

A: The process of gene expression is used by all known life known as eukaryotes which include…

Q: Explain why a geneticist interested in finding a gene linked to cancer would want to look at the DNA…

A: Cancer is the condition in which control over cell division is lost.

Q: • Deletions remove _______________from a chromosome and causemutant phenotypes mainly through…

A: Mutation is defined as a change which occurs in the sequence of DNA molecule which is due to…

Q: Explain how a gene in a multicellular organism may produce differentproducts in different types of…

A: Genes code for the amino acid sequence of polypeptides.

Q: How mutant enzymes could cause variation in many phenotypictraits ?

A: The mutation is the sudden deleterious effects in the DNA sequences, they can arise when the DNA is…

Q: Categorize each of the following events as an example of genetic inheritance or epigenetic…

A: * genetic inheritance Inheritance is the process in which genetic information is passed on from…

Q: Explain why small deletions and duplications are less likely tohave a detrimental effect on an…

A: A mutation is a permanent change in the DNA of a cell such that the sequence deviates from what is…

Q: When the organization of adjacent genes with highly similar sequences is in an inverted orientation,…

A: The physical unit of heredity is known as the gene. The term "inversion" refers to a mutation that…

Q: By using a diagram illustrate the condition that leads to Down syndrome (2n=47,extra copy of…

A: Down syndrome is congenital autosomal genetic disorder due to the trisomy 21 number  chromosome,…

Q: Describe the function of the centromere. How are centromeres different from other regions of the…

A: Chromosomes are long thread-like structures that carry coded genetic information in the form of DNA.…

Q: Diagram and describe how mispairing and crossing over between two different split genes could result…

A:

Q: Nullisomy is a genome mutation where a pair of homologous chromosomes that would normally be present…

A: Chromosomes are long thread-like structures that carry coded genetic information in the form of DNA.…

Q: Are mutations that arise during mitosis or meiosis the same?

A: The genetic material consists of a nucleotide sequence that results in the expression of the…

Q: Explain why linked genes do not exhibit independentassortment.

A: The alleles of two (or more) separate genes are sorted into gametes independently of one another,…

Q: Define linkage with respect to gene loci andchromosomes.

A: Genes are the structural and functional units of heredity that carry coded genetic information in…

Q: (a) Explain the relationship between DNA, genes, and chromosomes during the passing of genetic…

A: Genetic materials of organisms, including DNA and RNA, helps in the storage, transmission, and…

Q: Discuss the changes in chromosomes that contribute to the mutations tabulated in Table above

A: A mutation is a change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA that occurs suddenly and permanently. It…

Q: Are the epsilon (ε) and beta (β) genes on chromosome 11 orthologs or paralogs? Explain your answer.

A: Chromosomes are long thread-like structures that carry coded genetic information in the form of DNA.…

Q: What is meant by the term cell fate? What is a cell lineage diagram? Discuss the experimental…

A: A cell is the fundamental unit of life. All living organisms are made up of one or many cells. Each…

Q: in a paragraph discuss some examples of the effects of chromosomal mutations in humans in your own…

A: The majority of mutations develop when the DNA fails to duplicate correctly. All of these mutations…

Q: Explain why certain genes in eukaryotic cells are present in multiple copies.

A: Genes are expressed by the process of transcription and protein synthesis.

Q: In a particular strain of Neurospora, a poky mutation exhibits biparental inheritance, whereas poky…

A: The pattern of inheritance of genes relates to the reproduction of organisms. Most of the characters…

Genetic Evolution

Sexual reproduction produces distinct population variations. Heredity determines the traits and qualities to be passed down to the progeny. Over time, this variation within-species is also affected by the process of human evolution. The study of how genetic variation leads to evolutionary changes is known as genetic evolution. If a trait helps an organism to survive and reproduce, it is more likely to be passed down the generations. It is rare that such traits result in a completely distinct set of traits in descendants than the ancestral population; this can result in the emergence of a new species.