Explain why it is best to defer (if possible) any invasiveprocedures in leukemic patients, including dentaltreatment, until the blood counts become normal.

Q: Differentiate the role of antibodies in causing Gravesdisease versus Addison disease.

A: Answer: Introduction: Graves' disease is an autoimmune illness which results in hyperthyroidism, or…

Q: Define the following terms:a. methotrexateb. circadian rhythmsc. calmodulind. Lesch-Nyhan syndromee.…

A: Molecular biology is the study of composition, structure, and interactions of cellular molecules…

Q: Explain the structural and functional changes in the crohn disease process that led to patient's…

A: Crohn disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in which young adults characterized by…

Q: Treatment of Cushing’s syndrome depends on the cause. True or false? Explain with an example?

A: The adrenal gland is one of the endocrine glands of the human body.

Q: Explain two mechanisms used to increase bodytemperature as a fever develops.

A: Numerous body organs work in a coordinated manner to maintain optimum body functioning. Any abnormal…

Q: Name the disease caused by oversecretion of heparin.

A: Heparin is a glycosaminoglycan which is found naturally in human body and is also used as…

Q: What physiological effects do individuals with acatalasemia present with?

A: Acatalasemia may be a condition defined by very low levels of associate catalyst cited as an…

Q: What is carcinoid syndrome ? please explain briefly.

A: Carcinoid syndrome is a neuroendocrine tumor . It is a tumor of argentaffin cells which secretes…

Q: briefly describe the pathophysiology of leukamia

A: The explanation for the above question is given below.

Q: thalassemia is occur due to .40 * hemoglobinopathies TO

A: Anemia It is hematological condition characterized by qualitative or quantitative decrease in number…

Q: what is the mechanism link between HBV and liver cancer

A: One of the most common risk factor of liver cancer is chronic infection with the Hepatitis B virus.…

Q: Describe why penicillamine is used to treat cystinuria.

A: Cystinuria is an inherited disease that causes stones made of the amino acid cystine to form in the…

Q: Briefly outline some of the genetic changes commonly associated with the progression of colorectal…

A: Cancer is a disease in which abnormal cells divide uncontrollably and destroy body tissue. The most…

Q: Describe the two linages of blood and the major disease with these.

A: There are two lineages in the blood. Lymphocyte and myelocyte lineage.  Lymphocyte lineage includes…

Q: The most pathological effects of E. histolytica is * Tissue destruction by protolytic enzyms O…

A: Entamoeba histolytica is a protozoan parasite that is mainly found in the small and large intestine…

Q: Why are individuals with type O blood at high risk for stomach ulcers?

A: Peptic ulcers or stomach ulcers is a break in the inner lining of the stomach , the first part of…

Q: Name the causes that results in ketacidosis

A: Introduction A metabolic condition known as ketoacidosis is characterized by pathologically high…

Q: What is the pathophysiolog of the development of hypercalcemia, thrombocytopenia, anemia,…

A: Pathophysiology: This is the term we used to define the changes that occur at the cellular level and…

Q: State two factors that predispose a patient to colorectalcancer.

A: The colon or large intestine consists of ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, and…

Q: Explain the mechanism of neutrophilia that occurs in response to physical or emotional stress.

A: Ans. Neutrophilia as part of a stress response occurs by shifting the margination pool to the…

Q: What is a good conclusion for causes of colon cancer ?

A: The digestive system includes the colon and rectum. The large intestine is a long, muscular tube…

Q: This stage of NAFLD is characterized by the development of fibrotic scarring on the liver resulting…

A: Option C

Q: Define the type IV delayed reactions.

A: Hypersensitivity responses occur when the immune system overreacts to an antigen that would not…

Q: Why it is necessary for an Rh− woman who has had an abortion, miscarriage, or an ectopic pregnancy…

A: Blood types in people are divided into four groups: A, B, AB, and O. Based on whether a surface…

Q: Describe the inflammatory lesion associated with lupus erythematosus.

A: Lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune inflammatory disease. In this disease immune system attacks its…

Q: Describe two mutations that are associated with the development of leukaemia and how these two…

A: The type of cancer that will begin in the blood-forming tissue, generally in the bone marrow, is…

Q: Explain why severe kidney disease may cause generalizededema.

A: The kidneys are bean-shaped organs that primarily function in glomerular filtration. The nephrons…

Q: Explain why the prognosis for colorectal cancer isrelatively poor.

A: Colorectal cancer mostly affects old age and the risk factors increase with diet, obesity, smoking,…

Q: . Children with germline retinoblastoma are more likely to develop other primary malignancies in…

A: Retinoblastoma is a rare cancer usually initiated by biallelic mutation of the retinoblastoma gene…

Q: Endocrine Immunological Lack of Chemical Physical Biologic Genetic agent agent disorder imbalance…

A: A disorder is when the normal structure and function of the body are disrupted. A syndrome is a…

Q: Enuresis is considered as a symptom of what?

A: Elimination disorder It means disorder associated with urination or defication.  Types: Retentive or…

Q: untreated case of Neisseria gonorrhea

A: Multifactorial strategies used by gonorrhoeae to avoid host immune defenses include constant changes…

Q: C3 and C4 are anaphylatoxins true or false .

A: The complement system plays a major role in providing immunity against pathogens. The proteins of…

Q: Name the disease caused by oversecretion of histamine.

A: Histamine is a very important biogenic amine which has its role in immune functions,…

Q: What are side effects of leukaemia?

A: A group of blood cancer that is characterized by a higher number of immature and abnormal blood…

Q: Primary cause of pernicious anemia

A: Pernicious anemia is also known as addison's anemia which is characterised by reduced amount of red…

Q: Explain the reason(s) for considering ketoacidosis as a serious life-threatening complication in…

A: Ketoacidosis is a condition during which the body starts producing a high level of acids in form of…

Q: Justify the reason behind the fat-soluble vitamin supplementation in cystic fibrosis patients.

A: Cystic fibrosis is defined as the genetic condition affecting the cells that generate sweat, mucus,…

Q: Define Meningoencephalitis

A: The managers are the protective layer of the brain. It consists of three layers that are known as…

Q: Explain how the symptoms of immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia link to the underlying disease…

A: Need to define how the symptom of  immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia link to the underlying disease…

Immunology

Immunology is the division of science involved with the immune reactions occurring in living organisms. The organisms are accustomed to evolving internal defense mechanisms to evade the invasion of microbial pathogens. Diverse cells are connected with stimulating the immune responses, which produce inhospitable conditions to the microbes prompting their lysis and thus inhibits the multiplication of the pathogens. The immune system can distinguish the pathogens through the aid of cellular intercommunication and launch responses to destroy them.