Following are the steps in the industrial synthesis of glycerin.Cl,A (C3H;CI)Cl,, H,ONaOH, H,OCH,=CHCH,B (CgH,O)heatPropeneОНC (C,H,CIO,)Ca(OH)2, D (C3H6O2)H,O, HCIНОСН,CHCH,ОНheat1,2,3-Propanetriol(glycerol, glycerin)Provide structures for all intermediate compounds (A-D) and describe the type ofmechanism by which each is formed.

The structures for all intermediate compounds (A-D) for the synthesize of glycerin have to be…

Answered: Following are the steps in the…

Chemistry for Engineering Students

4th Edition

ISBN:9781337398909

Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme

Publisher:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme

Chapter10: Entropy And The Second Law Of Thermodynamics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 10.64PAE

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Thermodynamics Quantities for Selected Substances at 298.15 K (25⁰C) Substance ∆H⁰f (kJ/mol) ∆G⁰f (kJ/mol) S (J/K-mol) Carbon C2H2(g) 226.7 209.2 200.8 C2H4(g) 52.30 68.11 219.4 Hydrogen H2(g) 0 0 130.58 Oxygen O2(g) 0 0 205.0 H2O(l) -285.83 -237.13 69.91 3. What is the value of ∆S⁰ for the catalytic hydrogenation of ethene to ethane: C2H4(g) + H2(g) → C2H6(g) + 2H2O(l) in J/K?
The free energy of the combustion of oxalic acid HC2H3O2 at 25.0 ºC is -246.05 KJ/mol. What is the equlibrium constant Ka at 25ºC?
Thermodynamics Quantities for Selected Substances at 298.15 K (25⁰C) Substance ∆H⁰f (kJ/mol) ∆G⁰f (kJ/mol) S (J/K-mol) Carbon C2H2(g) 226.7 209.2 200.8 CO2(g) -393.5 -394.4 213.6 Hydrogen H2(g) 0 0 130.58 Oxygen O2(g) 0 0 205.0 H2O(l) -285.83 -237.13 69.91 What is the ∆S⁰ in the combustion of ethene in the presence of excess oxygen yields carbon dioxide and water: C2H2(g) + 3O2(g) → 2CO2(g) + 2H2O(l) in J/K?
The standard free energy variation, at 25 ºC, for equilibrium: Glucose-6-phosphate (G-6-P) Glucose-1-phosphate (G-1-P) is ΔGº '= + 7280 J / mol. Calculate a) The equilibrium constant of the reaction. b) The real change in free energy when one mole of G-6-P is transformed into G-1-P, both concentrations remaining constant and equal to 10mM and 2 mM respectively.
What is free energy ∆G° for the reaction C(s) + O₂(g)⇌ CO₂(g) (K= 0.2 at 25°C)?
Calculate the ΔH°f of C6H12O6(s) from the following data: Show the complete and step by step solution ΔH combustion of C6H12O6(s) = -2816kJ/mol ΔH°f of CO2 (g) = -393.5 kJ/mol ΔH°f of H2O (l) = -285.9 kJ/mol Equation: C6H12O6(s) + O2(g) -> CO2(g) + H2O(l)
Estimate ΔG°rxn for the following reaction at 317 K. HCN(g) + 2 H2(g) → CH3NH2(g) ΔH°= -158.0 kJ; ΔS°= -219.9 J/K
When nitric acid is produced industrially, nitrogen monoxide, NO, is first formed at high temperature. Bakefetr reacts NO on cooling further with oxygen to nitrogen dioxide: 2 NO(g) + O2 ⇌ 2 NO2 (g) Table 1: Thermodynamic data at 25°C. Bond ΔfHom Som Cop,m NO(g) 90.25 210.76 29.34 O2(g) 0.00 205.14 29.36 NO2(g) 33.18 240.06 37.20 1) Calculate (with all relevant intermediate calculations) the standard reaction Gibbs free energy, ΔrG25o, for reaction (1) at 25°C from the data in Table 1 2) Calculate (with all relevant intermediate calculations) the equilibrium constant K25, for reaction (1) at 25°C. 3) Industrially, however, the reaction does not proceed at 25°C but at 500°C. Therefore, calculate (with all relevant intermediate calculations) the standard reaction Gibbs free energy, ΔrG500o, for reaction (1) at 500°C under the assumption that the standard molar heat capacities, Cop, in Table 1 are independent of temperature in the interval [25°C, 500°C]
The Kₛₚ of PbCl₂ is 1.7X10⁻⁵ at 25°C. What is ΔG°? Is it possible to prepare a solution that contains Pb²⁺(aq) andCl(aq), at their standard-state concentrations?
G.192. With explanation..
From the following data at 25°C,H2(g) + Cl2(g) → 2HCl(g) ΔH0 = -185 kJ2H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(g) ΔH0 = -483.7 kJCalculate ΔH0at 25°C for the reaction below.4HCl(g) + O2(g) → 2Cl2(g) + 2H2O(g)
At 381 K, the following reaction takes place: Hg2Cl4(g) + Al2Cl6(g) --> 2 (HgAlCl5)(g) ΔH = +10 kJ (a) Offer an explanation for the very small ΔH for this reaction for the known structures of the compounds. (img 1) (b) Explain why the small ΔH in this reaction is evidence against (img 2) as the structure of Hg2Cl4(g).

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