For each of the following molecules or molecular ions, give the steric number, sketch and name the approximate molecular geometry, and describe the direction of any distortions from the approximate geometry due to lone pairs. In each case, the central atom is listed first and the other atoms are all bonded directly to it. (a) TeH2 (c) PCI (b) AsF3 (d) XeF

For each of the following molecules or molecular ions, give the steric number, sketch and name the approximate molecular geometry, and describe the direction of any distortions from the approximate geometry due to lone pairs. In each case, the central atom is listed first and the other atoms are all bonded directly to it. (a) TeH2 (c) PCI (b) AsF3 (d) XeF

Principles of Modern Chemistry

8th Edition

ISBN:9781305079113

Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler

Publisher:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler

Chapter3: Atomic Shells And Classical Models Of Chemical Bonding

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 61P: For each of the following molecules or molecular ions, give the steric number, sketch and name the...

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For each of the following molecules or molecular ions, give the steric number, sketch and name the approximate molecular geometry, and describe the directions of any distortions from the approximate geometry due to lone pairs. In each case, the central atom is listed first and the other atoms are all bonded directly to it. (a) ICl4 (b) OF2 (c) BrO3 (d) CS2
(a) Predict the geometry of the SbCl52- ion, using theVSEPR method.(b) The ion SbCl63- is prepared from SbCl52-by treatment with Cl2. Determine the steric number of thecentral antimony atom in this ion, and discuss theextension of the VSEPR theory that would be neededfor the prediction of its molecular geometry.
A benzene molecule can be modeled as six carbon atoms arrangedin a regular hexagon in a plane. At each carbon atom, one of threeradicals NH2, COOH, or OH can be attached. How many suchcompoundsare possible?
Consider the molecule PF4Cl. (a) Draw a Lewis structure forthe molecule, and predict its electron-domain geometry.(b) Which would you expect to take up more space, a P¬Fbond or a P¬Cl bond? Explain. (c) Predict the molecular geometryof PF4Cl. How did your answer for part (b) influenceyour answer here in part (c)? (d) Would you expect the moleculeto distort from its ideal electron-domain geometry? Ifso, how would it distort?
Is the electron density consistentwith equal contributions from the tworesonance structures for O3? Explain.
(a) Sketch the molecular orbitals of the H2- ion and draw itsenergy-level diagram. (b) Write the electron configuration ofthe ion in terms of its MOs. (c) Calculate the bond order inH2-. (d) Suppose that the ion is excited by light, so that anelectron moves from a lower-energy to a higher-energy molecularorbital. Would you expect the excited-state H2- ion to bestable? (e) Which of the following statements about part (d) is correct: (i) The light excites an electron from a bonding orbitalto an antibonding orbital, (ii) The light excites an electronfrom an antibonding orbital to a bonding orbital, or (iii)In the excited state there are more bonding electrons thanantibonding electrons?
The VSEPR model was developed before any xenon com-pounds had been prepared. Thus, these compounds provided anexcellent test of the model’s predictive power. What would youhave predicted for the shapes of XeF₂, XeF₄, and XeF₆?
(a) Write a single Lewis structure for SO3 , and determine the hybridization at the S atom. (b) Are there other equivalent Lewis structures for the molecule? (c) Would you expect SO3 to exhibit delocalized π bonding?
The diagram that follows shows the highest-energy occupiedMOs of a neutral molecule CX, where element X is in thesame row of the periodic table as C. (a) Based on the numberof electrons, can you determine the identity of X? (b) Wouldthe molecule be diamagnetic or paramagnetic? (c) Considerthe p2p MOs of the molecule. Would you expect them to havea greater atomic orbital contribution from C, have a greateratomic orbital contribution from X, or be an equal mixtureof atomic orbitals from the two atoms?
The sulfate ion can be represented with four S-O bonds or with two S-O and two So=O bonds.(a) Which representation is better from the standpoint of formal charges?(b) What is the shape of the sulfate ion, and what hybrid orbitals of S are postulated for the σ bonding?(c) In view of the answer to part (b), what orbitals of S must be used for the π bonds? What orbitals of O?(d) Draw a diagram to show how one atomic orbital from S and one from O overlap to form a π bond.
The diatomic molecule OH exists in the gas phase. OH playsan important part in combustion reactions and is a reactiveoxidizing agent in polluted air. The bond length and bondenergy have been measured to be 97.06 pm and 424.7 kJ/mol,respectively. Assume that the OH molecule is analogous to theHF molecule discussed in the chapter and that the MOs resultfrom the overlap of a pz orbital from oxygen and the 1s orbitalof hydrogen (the OOH bond lies along the z axis).
For each of the following molecules or molecular ions,give the steric number, sketch and name the approximatemolecular geometry, and describe the directions of anydistortions from the approximate geometry due to lonepairs. In each case, the central atom is listed first and theother atoms are all bonded directly to it.(a) ICl4- (b) OF2(c) BrO3- (d) CS2

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