HTTP is a stateless protocol. Every request is independent of an unrelated to any other request. There must be a seperate mechanism for remembering things between your requests such as: "is the user signed in?" or "what items are in the users cart?". HTTP servers can use ___________ to remember things about you. Or track you and follow you around the internet.
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HTTP is a stateless protocol. Every request is independent of an unrelated to any other request. There must be a seperate
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- 2.2-6 A detailed Look at an HTTP GET (2). Again, suppose a client is sending an HTTP GET request message to a web server, gaia.cs.umass.edu. The client-to-server HTTP GET message is the following (same as in previous problem): GET /kurose_ross_sandbox/interactive/quotation2.htm HTTP/1.1Host: gaia.cs.umass.eduAccept: text/plain, text/html, text/xml, image/jpeg, image/gif, audio/mpeg, audio/mp4, video/wmv, video/mp4,Accept-Language: en-us, en-gb;q=0.1, en;q=0.7, fr, fr-ch, da, de, fiIf-Modified-Since: Wed, 09 Sep 2020 16:06:01 -0700User Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.56 Safari/535.11What is the language in which the client would least prefer to get a response? [You may have to search around the Web a bit to answer this.] [Note: you can find additional questions similar to this here.]Consider the following HTTP request message (Note. Cr means carriage return and lf means line feed) GET /cs453/index.html HTTP/1.1<cr><lf> Host: gaia.cs.umass.edu<cr><lf> User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 ( Windows;U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.7.2) Gecko/20040804 Netscape/7.2 (ax) <cr><lf> Accept:ext/xml, application/xml, application/xhtml+xml, text /html;q=0.9, text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q=0.5 <cr><lf> Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5<cr><lf> Accept-Encoding: zip,deflate<cr><lf> Connection:keep-alive<cr><lf><cr><lf> What is the URL of the document requested by the browser? What version of HTTP is the browser running? Does the browser request a non-persistent or a persistent connection?2.2-8 A detailed look at an HTTP reply. Suppose now the server sends the following HTTP response message the client: HTTP/1.0 200 OKDate: Wed, 09 Sep 2020 23:46:21 +0000Server: Apache/2.2.3 (CentOS)Last-Modified: Wed, 09 Sep 2020 23:51:41 +0000ETag:17dc6-a5c-bf716880.Content-Length: 418Connection: CloseContent-type: image/html Will the web server close the TCP connection after sending this message?
- The text below shows a reply sent from the server in response to a http GET message. What are the first 5 bytes of the document retrieved? HTTP/1.1 200 OK<cr><lf>Date: Tue, 07 Mar 2008 12:39:45GMT<cr><lf>Server: Apache/2.0.52 (Fedora) <cr><lf>Last-Modified: Sat, 10 Dec2005 18:27:46 GMT<cr><lf>ETag: “526c3-f22-a88a4c80”<cr><lf>Accept- Ranges: bytes<cr><lf>Content-Length: 3874<cr><lf> Keep-Alive: timeout=max=100<cr><lf>Connection: Keep-Alive<cr><lf>Content-Type: text/html; charset= ISO-8859-1<cr><lf><cr><lf><!doctype html public “- //w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en”><lf><html><lf> <head><lf> <meta http-equiv=”Content-Type” content=”text/html; charset=iso-8859-1”><lf> <meta name=”GENERATOR” content=”Mozilla/4.79 [en] (Windows NT 5.0; U) Netscape]”><lf> <title>CMPSCI 453 / 591 / NTU-ST550A…2.2-5 A detailed Look at an HTTP GET (1). Suppose a client is sending an HTTP GET request message to a web server, gaia.cs.umass.edu. Suppose the client-to-server HTTP GET message is the following:GET /kurose_ross_sandbox/interactive/quotation2.htm HTTP/1.1Host: gaia.cs.umass.eduAccept: text/plain, text/html, text/xml, image/jpeg, image/gif, audio/mpeg, audio/mp4, video/wmv, video/mp4,Accept-Language: en-us, en-gb;q=0.1, en;q=0.7, fr, fr-ch, da, de, fiIf-Modified-Since: Wed, 09 Sep 2020 16:06:01 -0700User Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.56 Safari/535.11What version of HTTP is the client using?50. HTTP is __________ a. a stateful protocol b. a stateless protocol c. a protocol that maintains the status of its connection with the client d. a stateless protocol that does not maintain the status of its connection with the client
- GoLang Create a simple HTTP/1.1 server in Go programming language. The server will serve files from a directory, and the client will be the browser. It will run on port 8080 and will handle HTTP get and head requests. It will either send a 200 or 404 response. The response will have three headers which will be the server, last-modified, and content length. Do NOT use the net/http package.HTTP 1.0 GET with an embedded object. Suppose an HTTP client makes a request to the gaia.cs.umass.edu web server. The client has never before requested a given base object, nor has it communicated recently with the gaia.cs.umass.edu server. You can assume, however, that the client host knows the IP address of gaia.cs.umass.edu. Suppose also that after downloading the base file, the browser encounters a jpeg object in the base html file that is stored on gaia.cs.umass.edu, and therefore makes another GET request to gaia.cs.umass.edu for that referenced jpeg object. How many round trip times (RTTs) are needed from when the client first makes the request to when the base page and the jpeg file are completely downloaded, assuming the time needed by the server to transmit the base file, or the jpeg file into the server's link is (each) equal to 1/2 RTT and that the time needed to transmit the HTTP GET into the client's link is zero? You should assume that HTTP 1.0 is being used.…Suppose a user has two browser applications active at the same time and suppose that the applications are accessing the same server to retrieve HTTP documents at the same time. How does the server tell the difference between two applications?
- Write a simple HTTP client to fetch some data from any web server using the native HTTP protocol. This can be the very first steps towards creating your own HTTP browser. Your program should run this driver: if __name__ == "__main__": client = HTTPClient(host) URL = ‘www.cnn.com’ print (client.fetch(URL))Take the MIT website as an example and look at the two most common HTTP response codes you're acquainted with and how they relate to the HTTP commands you already know (s).4. The text below shows the reply sent from a server in response to an HTTP GET message as captured by Wireshark. HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n Date: Fri, 27 Jan 2023 21:23:36 GMT\r\n Server: Apache/2.4.6 (CentOS) OpenSSL/1.0.2k-fips PHP/7.4.33 mod_perl/2.0.11 Perl/v5.16.3\r\n Last-Modified: Tue, 01 Mar 2016 18:57:50 GMT\r\n ETag: "a5b-52d015789ee9e"\r\n Accept-Ranges: bytes\r\n Content-Length: 2651\r\n Keep-Alive: timeout=5, max=100\r\n Connection: Keep-Alive\r\n Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8\r\n \r\n [HTTP response 1/1] [Time since request: 0.035874000 seconds] [Request in frame: 784] [Request URI: http://gaia.cs.umass.edu/] File Data: 2651 bytes Line-based text data: text/html (68 lines) <html>\n <head>\n <title>Computer Network Research Group - UMass Amherst\n </title>\n </head>\n <body bgcolor="#ffffff">\n More document text follows, though not shown here. Answer the following questions, indicating where in the message above you find the…