If a nondisjunction event occurred in Anna during meiosis I, which lane (A, B, C, D) best fits the genotype of their child? Explain your choice, clearly identifying why that lane is correct and why the other lanes are incorrect. Assume no recombination.
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- A woman who sought genetic counseling is found to be heterozygousfor a chromosomal rearrangement between the second andthird chromosomes. Her chromosomes, compared to those in anormal karyotype, are diagrammed on the next page:(a) What kind of chromosomal aberration is shown? (b) Using a drawing, demonstrate how these chromosomeswould pair during meiosis. Be sure to label the differentsegments of the chromosomes.(c) This woman is phenotypically normal. Does thissurprise you? Why or why not? Under what circumstancesmight you expect a phenotypic effect of such arearrangement? The woman in above problem has had two miscarriages. Shehas come to you, an established genetic counselor, with thesequestions:(a) If not, what is the chance that she could have a normalchild? Provide an informed response to her concernsWe are following the progress of human chromosome 1 during meiosis. At the end of prophase I, how many chromosomes, chromatids, and centromeres are present to ensure that chromosome 1 faithfully traverses meiosis?Variations in Chromosome NumberAneuploidy Describe the process of nondisjunction and explain when it takes place during cell division.
- In a turtle species, a diploid cell in the G1 phase of the cell cycle contains 22 picograms of DNA (picogram is a measure of the total mass of the DNA present). How much DNA is present in a cell of the same species at prophase II of meiosis (prophase of the second meiotic division)?QUESTION 34 What would be predicted to be the most common cause of chromosome translocations in Meiosis? A. Incorrect resolution of chiasmata in Meiosis II B. single point mutations during Meiosis II C. nondisjunction events resulting from incorrect resolution of chiasmata in Meiosis I D. improper cleavage of the cohesion complexQuestion 4 Consider a diploid organism with a diploid number of 30. Show your work and/or explain logic on all parts. a. How many total chromatids will be present in a typical cell at mitotic metaphase? b. How many tetrads are present in a metaphase I cell of meiosis? c. How many dyads are present in a metaphase II cell in meiosis? d. How many monads are expected in each product cell at the end of meiosis II?
- Assume that the diploid number of a certain species is four chromosomes, two large and two small (2n=4). a) Of the following figures, which represents a 3n (triploid) cell in mitotic metaphase? b) For each of the wrong answers from part (a) above, explain briefly why it cannot represent a triploid cell in mitotic metaphase.. With regards to the grasshopper testes experiment, diakinesis is an ideal stage to determine chromosome number due to the degree of condensation of the chromosomes? Count the chromosomes at this stage. Does it represent a diploid or a haploid number?Meiotic nondisjunction is much more likely than mitotic nondisjunction.Based on this observation, would you conclude that meioticnondisjunction is usually due to nondisjunction during meiosisI or meiosis II? Explain your reasoning?
- A woman who sought genetic counseling is found to be heterozygousfor a chromosomal rearrangement between the second andthird chromosomes. Her chromosomes, compared to those in anormal karyotype, are diagrammed on the next page:(a) What kind of chromosomal aberration is shown?Shown are three alignments of reciprocal translocation chromosomes in cells about to undergo meiosis. Match the daughter cells that will result after meiosisShown below are photomicrographs of Rhoeo tradescantia cells undergoing meiosis. Answer the following question for each of the photomicrographs: Identify the cytogenetic abnormality observed (ex. ring, chain, laggard, bridge). Identify the meiotic stage in which these aberrations are observed (as shown in the photomicrograph). Explain how these aberrations are formed and relate to the possible causal mutation(s). Will this result to sterile and/or fertile gametes? Explain.