If P3 is allocated, what is the BA? The updated free list is: BA: ; Sz: → BA: ; Sz: → BA: ; Sz: → BA: ; Sz
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- Consider a computer with 128 MB of main memory, 64 KB of cache, and 4 bytes per memory block. Find out how to split the address (s-r, r, w) so that it can be used for direct mapping.Find out how to split the address into two parts (s and w) for associative mapping.Find out how to split the address into three parts (s-d, d, and w) for set associative mapping. Assume that each cache set has two lines.Consider a 1GByte memory that can be managed by either a bitmap or a linked list. The memory allocation unit is in units of n bytes, which is some power of 2. Memory in the linked list is either marked as free or used (i.e. holes and segments). Assume that each node in the list requires 64 total bits (including a memory address, a length, and a pointer to the next linked list element). Also, make the (unrealistic) assumption that holes and segments are all 32KB (215 bytes) and that they alternate so that there is no coalescing of adjacent holes. It also means that each linked list element covers either a 32KB hole or a 32KB segment. Determine how much memory each data structure uses (the bitmap will be in terms of n)For an old computing system with 2K bytes physical memory, and the virtual address has 13bits. Suppose that the size of page/frame is 256 bytes. For a process A, it has its codes and data inpage 0, 1, 2, 10, 11, 28, 29, where pages 0, 1, 10, 29 are in frame 1, 3, 4 and 6, respectively.Moreover, frame 0 contains kernel OS code/data and all other frames are free.a. Show the page table and the content of each PTE for process A;b. Use a figure to illustrate the address translation for virtual address 1110000100000 and explainwhat happens during the translation (interaction among page table, physical memory, disk, andoperating system);c. Suppose that there is a TLB with 4 entries and the current content has the mapping informationfor pages 0, 1. Draw a new figure to illustrate the translation of address 101000011000 andexplain what happens during the translation process.
- Consider a disk queue with requests for I/O to blocks on cylinders.98 183 37 122 14 124 65 67. "Considering SSTF (shortest seek time first) scheduling", the total number of head movements is, if the disk head is initially at 53 is?A computer uses virtual memory, and a new solid-state drive (SSD) as space for paging. Refer to the last ppt file. In the case presented there, the hard disk drive (HDD) required 25 ms to read in a page, and a rate of 1 page fault per 1000 references introduced a 250 slowdown. If the SSD offers a time of only 80 µs, what is the slowdown in performance caused by 1 pf per 1000 references (you are not concerned with dirty vs. clean pages). What is the maximum rate of page faults you can accept if you want no more than a 5% slowdown in execution using virtual memory? Know your metric prefixes and symbols for time: s for seconds, ms for milliseconds, µs for microseconds, ns for nanoseconds.Consider a disk queue with requests for I/O to blocks on cylinders 47, 38, 121, 191, 87, 11, 92, 10. The C-LOOK scheduling algorithm is used. The head is initially at cylinder number 63, moving towards larger cylinder numbers on its servicing pass. The cylinders are numbered from 0 to 199. The total head movement (in number of cylinders) incurred while servicing these requests is
- Suppose that a disk drive has 40 cylinders, numbered 0 to 40. The drive is currently serving a requestat cylinder 20 (the previous request served was at cylinder 19) when the last of these requests is madewith none of these requests yet served. The queue of pending requests, in FIFO order, is 5, 25, 18, 3,39, 8, and 35. A seek takes 5ms per cylinder movement. Starting from the current head position, whatis the total distance (in cylinders) that the disk arm moves to satisfy all the pending request and alsocalculate the total seek time needed to serve these requests, for each of the following disk-schedulingalgorithms? Explain with the help of a diagram in each case. a. FCFSb. SSTFc. SCANd. LOOKSuppose that a disk drive has 5,000 cylinders, numbered 0 to 4,999. The drive is currently serving a request at cylinder 2,150, and the previous request was at cylinder 1,805. The queue of pending requests, in FIFO order, is:2,069 1,2122,2962,8005441,6183561,5234,9653681a. FCFSb. SSTFc. SCANd. LOOKe. C-SCANf. C-LOOKConsider a system consisting of m resources of the same type being shared by n processes, n > m. Each process has a maximum need of m/2 resources. Initially, each process has no resource requests. A process can request or release only one resource at a time. With n=3k and m=2k, for some integer k, show that the system is deadlock free.
- Given fixed partition memory: 200K, 600K, 300K, 400K and 700K (in order). How would each of the First-fit, Best-fit, and Worst-fit algorithms place processes of 315K, 515K, 215K, and 525K(in order)? )Suppose that a multiprogrammed system has a load of N processes with individual execution times of t1, t2, ...,tN. Answer the following questions: a) How would it be possible that the time to complete the N processes could be as small as: maximum (t1, t2, ...,tN)? b) How would it be possible that the total execution time, T > t1+ t2+ ...+tN? In other words, what would cause the total execution time to exceed the sum of individual process execution times?Now, we consider a 16-byte, four-way, fully-associative cache. Since the capacity of the cache is 16 bytes, the array "a" in our example (does/does not) fit inside the cache. We can deduce that the block size for this cache is ( ? ) bytes per block. So the block index size b=2 bits. For a memory trace record such as: L 1fff000116,2 the 2-bit block offset is (0b01/0b10/0b11/0b00). The tag bits are all the rest of the bits not part of the block offset.