II. Solve the following problems carefully. Write the STEP-BY-STEP solution and box your final answer. 1. A ball is thrown vertically upward until it reaches a height of 5 yards. Find the initial velocity of the ball in ft/s. 2. A 50 kg log is floating above a waterfall at a rate of 10 ft/s. What will be the resulting kinetic energy in kJ if the log falls down the waterfalls with a velocity of 30 ft/s? 3. If a particles position is given by the expression x(t) = 3.4t3 – 5.4t, What is the position of the particle after 5 seconds? 4. A 4.0 kg object has a velocity of 3i m/s at one instant. Eight seconds later, its velocity is (8i + 10j) m/s. Assuming the object was subject to a constant net force, find (a) the components of the force and (b) its magnitude. 5. A crate of mass 10 kg is pulled up a rough incline with an initial speed of 1.5 m/s. The pulling force is 150N parallel to the incline, which makes an angle of 30° with the horizontal. The coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.400, and the crate is pulled 5.00m. (a) How much work is done by gravity? (b) How much energy is lost due to friction? (c) How much work is done by the 150N force? (d) What is the speed of the crate after being pulled 5.00m?
Kinematics
A machine is a device that accepts energy in some available form and utilizes it to do a type of work. Energy, work, or power has to be transferred from one mechanical part to another to run a machine. While the transfer of energy between two machine parts, those two parts experience a relative motion with each other. Studying such relative motions is termed kinematics.
Kinetic Energy and Work-Energy Theorem
In physics, work is the product of the net force in direction of the displacement and the magnitude of this displacement or it can also be defined as the energy transfer of an object when it is moved for a distance due to the forces acting on it in the direction of displacement and perpendicular to the displacement which is called the normal force. Energy is the capacity of any object doing work. The SI unit of work is joule and energy is Joule. This principle follows the second law of Newton's law of motion where the net force causes the acceleration of an object. The force of gravity which is downward force and the normal force acting on an object which is perpendicular to the object are equal in magnitude but opposite to the direction, so while determining the net force, these two components cancel out. The net force is the horizontal component of the force and in our explanation, we consider everything as frictionless surface since friction should also be calculated while called the work-energy component of the object. The two most basics of energy classification are potential energy and kinetic energy. There are various kinds of kinetic energy like chemical, mechanical, thermal, nuclear, electrical, radiant energy, and so on. The work is done when there is a change in energy and it mainly depends on the application of force and movement of the object. Let us say how much work is needed to lift a 5kg ball 5m high. Work is mathematically represented as Force ×Displacement. So it will be 5kg times the gravitational constant on earth and the distance moved by the object. Wnet=Fnet times Displacement.
q1ii. answer 5) a b c and d
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