In a 13-year study of population dynamics of the invasive Asian shore crab (Hemigrapsus sanguineus) in Long Island Sound, Kraemer (2019) found that density declined over time, and the largest size classes declined the most. At the same time, average size of breeding females also declined. Based on your understanding of life-history strategies, develop a hypothesis that would explain this pattern

In a 13-year study of population dynamics of the invasive Asian shore crab (Hemigrapsus sanguineus) in Long Island Sound, Kraemer (2019) found that density declined over time, and the largest size classes declined the most. At the same time, average size of breeding females also declined. Based on your understanding of life-history strategies, develop a hypothesis that would explain this pattern

Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (MindTap Course List)

5th Edition

ISBN:9781305117396

Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Publisher:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Chapter16: Population Ecology

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1DID

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In a 13-year study of population dynamics of the invasive Asian shore crab (Hemigrapsus sanguineus) in Long Island Sound, Kraemer (2019) found that density declined over time, and the largest size classes declined the most. At the same time, average size of breeding females also declined (see figures below). Based on your understanding of life-history strategies, develop a hypothesis that would explain this pattern. Explain the reasoning behind it in enough detail that another student would be able to understand it.
In a 13-year study of population dynamics of the invasive Asian shore crab (Hemigrapsus sanguineus) in Long Island Sound, Kraemer (2019) found that density declined over time, and the largest size classes declined the most. At the same time, average size of breeding females also declined w). Based on your understanding of life-history strategies, develop a hypothesis that would explain this pattern. Explain the reasoning behind it in enough detail that another student would be able to understand it.
You are studying a density - dependent turtle population that has the following relationships for the birth rate b’ and the death rate d’ as a function of population size (N) : b’ = 0.10 + 0.03 N - 0.0005 N ^2 d’ = 0.20 + 0.01 N Plot these functions in the same graph and discuss the population dynamics of the turtle. How does this model differ from the simple logistic model with linear birth and death functions?
If models that display population growth ignored age structure how would this limit their value for predicting furture population size? Reference to either lx or mx.
The northern hairy-nosed wombat has experienced historical population declines, though population have stabilized recently due to conservation efforts. While studying them researchers noticed the following fluctuations in (effective) population size: Year 1: 100 individuals Year 2: 90 individuals Year 3: 50 individuals Year 4: 75 individuals Year 5: 90 individuals Year 6: 95 individuals A. Given this information what is the long-term effective population size of this particular population over the six years? B. Assume that at the start of the study the researchers determined heterozygosity for this population to be 0.63 at microsatellite loci. What would you expect the heterozygosity to be at the end of the six years? (Answer part B)
In populations of unitary organisms, growth rates and rates of development are generally influenced by intraspecific competition. This essentially leads to density-dependent effects on the composition of a population. 1) Explain/discuss figure b (limpets) 2) Explain/discuss figure a (reindeers)
If each adult female powerful owl produces 1 female juvenile (F) each year, the adult survival rate (Sa) is 0.8, the juvenile survival rate (Sj) is 0.4, and the population is N2022=1400 adult females and 1400 juvenile females in 2022, what will be the female population size in 2027 (N2027)? Show your calculations. (hint: use excel to set up a model and check your work)
Population ecology: Do environmental stochasticity and demographic stochasticity impact small populations or large populations more? Please explain why.
Describe at least three other limiting factors (other than the number of predators or prey) that can affect population sizes. What effect does each of these limiting factors have on the populations?
What insights can we gain about population dynamics when we examine fluctuations in age structure?
New Zealand snapper populations were found to be under the influence of genetic drift, suggesting overfishing was still an issue for them, despite the New Zealand fisheries estimating their total population size to be over 3 million. Which of the following is the best explanation for this observation? A) Pelagic fish, like the New Zealand snapper, often only have a few reproductive individuals, therefore their effective population size is actually much smaller than the total population size. B) Pelagic fish, like the New Zealand snapper, often have an equal sex ratio which affects the number of breeding individuals. C) Pelagic fish, like the New Zealand snapper, often have disassortative mating which affects the number of breeding individuals. D) Pelagic fish, like the New Zealand snapper, often have assortative mating which affects the number of breeding individuals.
Given your understanding of life histories and population dynamics, propose some ideas for how different types of organisms might respond (in terms of population dynamics) to these different conditions: climate change, land-use change, and pollution that are eliminating and transforming habitats worldwide.