In a dry test tube, put enough cane sugar to make a layer about 1⁄4 inch deep. heat the tube in the flame while holding a cool inverted beaker near the mouth of the test tube. Observations: What is collected in the beaker? Where did this come from? What are the elements present in this substance? What is left behind in the test tube? What element is it? What elements therefore are present in combination in sugar?
States of Matter
The substance that constitutes everything in the universe is known as matter. Matter comprises atoms which in turn are composed of electrons, protons, and neutrons. Different atoms combine together to give rise to molecules that act as a foundation for all kinds of substances. There are five states of matter based on their energies of attraction, namely solid, liquid, gases, plasma, and BEC (Bose-Einstein condensates).
Chemical Reactions and Equations
When a chemical species is transformed into another chemical species it is said to have undergone a chemical reaction. It consists of breaking existing bonds and forming new bonds by changing the position of electrons. These reactions are best explained using a chemical equation.
- In a dry test tube, put enough cane sugar to make a layer about 1⁄4 inch deep. heat the tube in the flame while holding a cool inverted beaker near the mouth of the test tube.
Observations:
What is collected in the beaker?
Where did this come from?
What are the elements present in this substance?
What is left behind in the test tube?
What element is it?
What elements therefore are present in combination in sugar?
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