In a study of simulated juror decision making. Braden-Maguire, Sigal, and Perrino (2005) investigated the type of verdict assigned by study participants after they read a 12-page summary of a case involving a battered woman who had shot and killed her husband. In particular, the researchers manipulated the race of the defendant (African American or Caucasian) and the type of abuse suffered (emotional or physical). The dependent variable was the number of guilty verdicts. What are the degrees of freedom associated with the chi-square analysis of these data?
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- Stephens, atkins, and Kingston, 2009 conducted an experiment in which participants were able to tolerate moore pain when they were shouting their favorite swear word than when they were shouting neutral words, Identify the dependent and independent variables for this studyThe Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) is an annual telephone survey designed to identify risk factors in the adult population and reportemerging health trends. The following table summarizes two variables for the respondents: health status and health coverage, which describes whether each respondent had health insurance: Health Status Excellent Very Good Good Fair Poor Total Health No 459 727 854 385 99 2524 Coverage Yes 4198 6245 4821 1634 578 17476 Total 4657 6972 5675 2019 677 20000 If we draw one individual at random, what is the probability that the respondent has health coverage if they have good health? Answer with a decimal rounded to 3 decimal places.In a study of the effects of mood on evaluation of nutritious food, 208 subjects were randomly assigned to read either a happy story (to induce a positive mood) or a control (no story, neutral mood) group. Subjects were then asked to evaluate their attitude toward a certain food on a nine-point scale, with higher numbers indicating a more positive attitude toward the food. The following table summarizes data on the attitude rating: Group n S Positive mood 104 4.25 2.05 Neutral mood 104 5.65 1.75 Based on the evidence could we conclude that mood changes attitudes towards food? (test hypotheses at level alpha =0.05).
- In a study of the effect of handedness on athletic ability, participants were divided into three groups: right-handed, left-handed, and ambidextrous. Athletic ability was measured on a 12-point scale. The independent variable is _________; the number of levels of the independent variable is _______. 1. athletic ability; twelve 2. athletic ability; three 3. handedness; three 4. handedness; twelveA U.S. study published in The American Journal of Preventive Medicine compared state-level prevalence of firearm ownership in 2002 with state-level rates of firearm assault and firearm robbery in the subsequent year. The investigators found a positive association - meaning that states with higher prevalence of firearm ownership also tended to be the states with higher rates of firearm assault. Which design best describes this study? a)Observational cohort study b)Randomized trial c)Case-control study d)Ecological studyIn studies examining the effect of humor on interpersonal attractions, McGee and Shevlin (2009) found that an individual’s sense of humor had a significant effect on how the individual was perceived by others. In one part of the study, female college students were given brief descriptions of a potential romantic partner. The fictitious male was described positively as being single and ambitious and having good job prospects. For one group of participants, the description also said that he had a great sense of humor. For another group, it said that he has no sense of humor. After reading the description, each participant was asked to rate the attractiveness of the man on a seven-point scale from 1 (very unattractive) to 7 (very attractive). A score of 4 indicates a neutral rating. The females who read the “great sense of humor” description gave the potential partner an average attractiveness score of M = 4.53 with a standard deviation of s = 1.04. If the sample consisted of n = 16…
- When conducting a study with data that is in some way dependent, such as putting the same group of participants through both levels of the dependent variable, researchers use a _____________ design. Question 1 options: Blocked Within-subjects Independent-Samples CircularA cross-sectional study is conducted to investigate cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors among a sample of patients seeking medical care at one of three local hospitals. A total of 500500 patients are enrolled. Based on the following data, we would like to determine if there is a significant association between the family history of CVD and the enrollment site. Enrollment Site Family History of CVD Hospital 1 Hospital 2 Hospital 3 Total Yes 34 8 58 100 No 104 72 224 400 Total 138 80 282 500 Given: The value of the test statistic is χ2= 6.912 Use α=0.1 as the level of significance. The superintendent of Hospital 2 performed the Goodness of Fit Test to test whether 25% of the patients go to Hospital 1, 15% of the patients go to Hospital 2 and 60% of the patients go to Hospital 3. Given: The superintendent found that the pp-value for the test is 0.25091 Let: p1=p1= be the proportion of patients at Hospital 1 p2=p2= be the proportion of patients at…A researcher hypothesizes that personality type is related to heart disease. Type A people, who are competitive and impatient are more prone to heart diseases. Type B people, who are more relaxed, are less likely to have heart problems. The following data about personality type and heart disorder are from a random sample. No heart disease heart disease total Type A 32 18 50 Type B 128 22 150 total 160 40 Do these data support that there is a significant relationship between personality type and heart disease? Test at the .05 level of significance. Compute the phi-coefficient to measure the strength of the relationship.
- A correlational study is designed to A) test causal inferences B) assess the assocation between two measures C)compare the means of three or more groups D) manipulate the independent variablesIn a study of the effect of mood on the evaluation of nutritious food, 208 subjects were randomly assigned to read either a happy story ( to induce positive mood) or a control (no story, neutral mood) group. Subjects were then asked to evaluate their attitude toward a certain indulgent food on a nine-point scale, with higher numbers indicating a more positive attitude toward the food. The following table summarizes the data: Group n x bar s Positive mood 104 4.25 2.15 Neutral mood 104 5.25 1.75 Test the hypotheses of no difference between two groups using a two-sample t-test. Compare p-value and α=0.05 Describe the test result.In a study of the effect of mood on the evaluation of nutritious food, 208 subjects were randomly assigned to read either a happy story ( to induce positive mood) or a control (no story, neutral mood) group. Subjects were then asked to evaluate their attitude toward a certain indulgent food on a nine-point scale, with higher numbers indicating a more positive attitude toward the food. The following table summarizes the data: Group n x bar s Positive mood 104 4.25 2.15 Neutral mood 104 5.25 1.75 Test the hypotheses of no difference between two groups using a two-sample t-test. Calculate the degrees of freedom? Calculate test statistic?