Answered: In C. elegans there are two sexes:…

Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)

14th Edition

ISBN:9781305073951

Author:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Publisher:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Chapter42: Animal Development

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 12SQ

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In C. elegans there are two sexes: hermaphrodite and male. Sex is determined by the ratio of X chromosomes to haploid sets of autosomes (X/A). An X/A ratio of 1.0 produces a hermaphrodite (XX), and an X/A ratio of 0.5 results in a male (XO). In the 1970s, Jonathan Hodgkin and Sydney Brenner carried out genetic screens to identify mutations in three genes that result in either XX males (tra-1, tra-2) or XO hermaphrodites (her-1). Double-mutant strains were constructed to assess for epistatic interactions between the genes (see table). Propose a genetic model of how the her and tra genes control sex determination.

Genotype
XX Phenotype
XO Phenotype
WILD-TYPE
HERMAPHRODITE
MALE
TRA-1REC
MALE
MALE
TRA-2REC
MALE
MALE
HER-1REC
HERMAPHRODITE
HERMAPHRODITE
TRA-1 DOM /+
HERMAPHRODITE
HERMAPHRODITE
TRA-REC1 TRA-2REC
MALE
MALE
TRA-1REC HER-1 REC
MALE
MALE
TRA-2REC HER-1 REC
MALE
MALE
TRA-2REC TRA-10OM/4
HERMAPHRODITE
HERMAPHRODITE
rec = recessive mutation; dom = dominant mutation.

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