In excitable cells, such as neurons, K+ is held at a much higher concentration inside the cell than outside. Which of the following would hold K+ at this concentration? O A positive charge inside the cell relative to outside. O A negative charge inside the cell relative to outside.
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- At the membrane of an axón, the action potential is -60 mV for K+ ions. Calculate de external and internal concentration radios.The resting membrane potential of a neuron at 37°C is –60 mV (inside negative). If the freeenergy change associated with the transport of Na+ from o utside to in side is –10.0 kJ/mol, and [Na+]outside the cell is 260 mM, what is [Na+] inside the cell?gas constant R=8.315 J/mol.K; Faraday constant F=96.5 kJ/mol.voltThe differences in relative concentrations of ions inside and outside the cell act as an electrical force. The specific ion(s) MOST important to establishing the resting potential in neurons would be Multiple Choice a) Na+. b) K+. c) intracellular anions (e.g., proteins). d) H+. e) Na+, K+, and intracellular anions are all important.
- What ion/s is/are most likely to have a high conductance through the Jerrionin channel?Which of the following is ther eason why the potassium leaves the cell readily at the peak of the action potential?A) The sodium-potassium pumps work hard to return potassium to the extracellular fluid. B) Diffusion will continue to push potassium into the cell, but electrostatic pressure will move potassium out of the cell. C) Diffusion will push potassium out of the cell, but electrostatic pressure continues to attract potassium to the interior of the cell. D) Both diffusion and electrostatic pressure will cause potassium to exit the cell.Neurons have a resting membrane potential of ___________________. varying votage as type and composition of channels can differ between neurons. theoretically the same votage because the ionic concentration is the same extracellularly and intracellularly for all neurons. equal to the equillibrium potential for potassium. directly opposing the equillibrium potential for sodium.
- if you inject current into the middle of an axon by using an intracellular electrode you will get two action potentials traveling in opposite directions. Explain the biophysical basis for this effect including why you won't observe backpropogation.The following concentrations of Na+ and K+ ions: [Na+]o = 120 mM, [Na+]i = 6 mM,[K+]o = 2 mM, and [K+]i = 150 mM. Assuming that the further at the peak of the action potential, PK: PNa is 1 : 12. Calculate (Vm) at the peak of the action potentialA cell has an actual membrane potential (Em) at rest of -75mV. The equilibrium potential for Na+ is +120mV and the equilibrium potential for K+ is -95mV. Calculate the net driving force for Na+ in mV.
- Membrane potential in cells is constantly fluctuating. These fluctuations are called graded potentials and we will learn more about them in future lectures. Look at the fluctuating graded potential in the graph as an example. If Cl- generally has a relatively low membrane permeability, how would increasing Cl- permeability affect this graph?At the peak of the action potential, Vm is approximately -65 mV. Assuming normal intracellular and extracellular K+ concentrations (refer to the table), (1) calculate the driving force (in mV) that acts on K+ ions and (2) use the information obtained in part 1 to determine the direction in which K+ ions will flow (i.e., into the cell or out of cell)Calculate: The equilibrium potential for potassium at room temp The equilibrium potential for sodium at room temp Resting membrane potential of this neuron at room temperature