In genomes the potential duplicate/paralog share the same annotation but have lower sequence similiarity. Discuss what could have caused this difference and its possible driver.

Q: The following is the base sequence of DNA that codes for first eight amino acids of the β chain of…

A: As per the bartleby guidelines experts are allowed to answer only 3 sub-parts for a question. The…

Q: What are frameshift mutations with an example

A: Gene mutations are rare and random changes in DNA sequence which result in alteration of polypeptide…

Q: Describe the mutation that created the HBs allele: type of mutation, location of mutation on HbA…

A: Describe the mutation that created the HBs allele: type of mutation, location of mutation on HbA…

Q: Identify which mutagen is described by the following statement. Results to the formation of thymine…

A: Thymine dimer: a. It consists of two adjacent pyrimidine nucleotides, which are usually thymine…

Q: If a mutagen causes bases to be removed from nucleotides withinDNA, what repair system would fix…

A: DNA repair is the process in which certain specialized enzymes within the cell known as DNA repair…

Q: Identify which mutagen is described by the following statement. Causes alkylation of guanine bases.…

A: Mutagens are the physical or chemical components which causes a permanent change in the genetic…

Q: From your knowledge about DNA microarray, answer the following: Mention the name and the color of…

A: DNA microarray is basically a collection of microscopic DNA spots that are attached to the solid…

Q: Describe the mechanism by which retrotransposon such as SINES and LINES get moved around within…

A: SINEs These are short interspersed elements. These are 80–400 bp in length and need activities…

Q: If a mutagen causes bases to be removed from nucleotides withinDNA, what repair system could fix…

A: By the process of mutation, bases are removed from the nucleotides.

Q: Explain why genomic DNA libraries require more coloniesthan are contained by a single genome…

A: A set of cells that together contains an organism’s whole genome that is cut into DNA fragments is…

Q: In addition to the standard base-paired helical structures, DNA can form X-shaped hairpin structures…

A: Cruciform DNA is a form of non-B DNA that requires at least a 6 nucleotide sequence of inverted…

Q: Transposons are useful as mutagens because they act asmolecular tags for genomic DNA sequences that…

A: Step 1 Transposons or jumping gene is a DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) sequence that can change its…

Q: Contrast the structure of SINE and LINE DNA sequences. Why areLINEs referred to as retrotransposons?

A: Transposons are also called jumping genes, are genetic elements capable of “jumping” into different…

Q: Clearly, all humans have variations in their DNA sequences. How is it possible to sequence the human…

A: Answer- All the organism have certain amount of similarities in the DNA sequnece. In all the human…

Q: Repeated sequences can be classified according to theirorganization in the genome as well as…

A: The heredity or inheritance is defined as the passing of traits from parents to their offspring. The…

Q: Using the diagram below describe the significance of DNA sequencing for identification of mutations.

A: DNA sequencing is typically the process of determining the nucleic acid sequence the order of…

Q: Given a mutation in the promoter, coding region, and/or non-coding region of a gene, explain how…

A: The mutation is a sudden heritable change in the genetic makeup of a cell which mostly results in…

Q: A particular variant of the lambda bacteriophage has a DNA double-stranded genome of 51,365 base…

A: DNA is a double stranded helical molecule that is made up of repeating nucleotides. The nucleotides…

Q: Approximately what percentage of the human genome isderived from transposable elements?a. 10%b.…

A: Introduction:- Transposable elements are DNA sequences that have the ability to travel or transfer…

Q: process of overlap assembly in whole genome sequencing

A: Genome sequencing Genome sequencing or gene sequencing is a way of arranging nucleotides the n the…

Q: Approximately what portion of the human genome is composed of repeat sequences?

A: According to the results found in the human genome studies it is seen that the human genome has…

Q: Identical twin brothers begin life with identical genomes andepigenomes. How will this circumstance…

A: Identical twins share same genome and epigenome as they are born from same zygote, or it can be said…

Q: See the attachment and answer the following parts of the question: A) If the binturong genome is…

A: Binturong is a eukaryote in which there is highly repetitive DNA sequence is present. The copies of…

Q: Suppose that a nearly perfect 20-base-pair inverted repeat is observed in a DNA sequence. Provide…

A: The copies of the DNA sequences that are organized in opposing orientation are called “inverted…

Q: Explain why it is sometimes difficult to locate genomic regions that encode a protein.

A: A gene is a DNA-based functional heredity unit that delivers instructions for the production of RNA…

Q: A geneticist discovers that two different proteins are encoded by the same gene. One protein has 56…

A: A gene is a stretch of nucleotides present in the DNA molecule. It encodes information for the…

Q: The human genome has approximately 30,000 genes, but human cells can produce over 100,000 different…

A: The human genome consists of complete set of sequences of nucleic acid which are encoded as DNA.…

Q: Explain why genomic DNA libraries require more colonies than are comprised by a single genome…

A: Genes are the units of heredity that are transmitted through generations. Genes contain the genetic…

Q: Provide the sequence of the primer that is complementary to the DNA in each of the following…

A: Site A: 5' CTATGCGCTA 3'

Q: Explain how exon shuffling can be due to unequal homologous recombination.

A: Exon shuffling is defined as a molecular process for the arrangement of new genes. It is a cycle…

Q: In the human genome for the beta chain of haemoglobin (the oxygen-carrying protein in the red blood…

A: Hemoglobin present in red blood cells helps in the transport of oxygen molecule to and from various…

Q: Explain in your own words if the COVID variant omicron can be categorized as RNA or DNA.

A: Omicron is the new variant of sars cov 19 that has emerged  It has high infectivity than delta…

Q: Refer to the figure. What method would you use if you wanted to determine the sequence of the cDNA…

A: cDNA is complementary DNA. This DNA is artificially synthesized from the mRNA template. In genetic…

Q: The average of a number of closely related but nonidentical sequences is referred to as a(n)…

A: Homologous sequence

Q: Contrast and compare the mutagenic effects of deaminating agents, alkylating agents, and base…

A: A structural change in the sequence of DNA caused by any alterations is known as mutation and the…

Q: Explain how mutations were used to verify the geneticcode.

A: Genetic code is defined as a set of rules that decodes the information from DNA into a protein. A…

Q: Give and explain two reasons for the importance of adding a woody plant to the list of completed…

A: Woody plants are important components of the global ecosystem; they play an important role in…

Q: Suppose that a nearly perfect 20- basepair inverted repeat is observed in a DNA sequence. Provide…

A: The copies of the DNA sequences that are organized in opposing orientation are called “inverted…

Q: Explain how a single base deletion in the middle of a gene would change the reading frame of that…

A: DNA( deoxyribonucleic acid) is the double-stranded molecule that is the genetic material in most…

Q: Explain how a multiple sequence alignment can identify functional sites in a genetic sequence.

A: Sequence alignment can be defined as the pattern of arranging the sequences of  DNA, RNA, or protein…

Q: Place these events in the order they occur during mutagenesis:

A: Mutagenesis could be a method by that the genetic info of an organism is modified by the assembly of…

Q: The human genome contains thousands of sequences known as small open reading frames, some of which…

A: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a genetic material and it carries genetic information from one cell…

Q: Answer the following scenario like you are the experts in the field of genetic engineering. Write…

A: Biotechnology refers to the usage of living organisms or their products to create new products or…

Q: Discuss what is meant by the term genome

A: Organisms are classified as monoploid, diploid, triploid, tetraploid, etc based on the number of…

Q: If you have access to the necessary computer software, make asequence file and analyze it in the…

A: The sequencing of genetic information is important for proper study and analysis, and with the…

Genome annotation

The technique of linking biological information to genome sequences is termed genome annotation. Gene annotation is the method of identifying gene locations and coding sections. It helps us understand what these genes are doing in the body through establishing structural characteristics and linking them to the actions of various proteins.