In this problem, assume that the distribution of differences is approximately normal. Note: For degrees of freedom d.f. not in the Student's t table, use the closest d.f. that is smaller. In some situations, this choice of d.f. may increase the P-value by a small amount and therefo produce a slightly more "conservative" answer. In environmental studies, sex ratios are of great importance. Wolf society, packs, and ecology have been studied extensively at different locations in the U.S. and foreign countries. Sex ratios for eight study sites in northern Europe are shown below. Location of Wolf Pack % Males (Winter) Finland % Males (Summer) 69 66 84 60 Finland Finland Lapland Lapland Russia Russia Russia 69 69 5 64 48 55 50 41 50 50 0 55 45 It is hypothesized that in winter, "loner" males (not present in summer packs) join the pack to increase survival rate. Use a 5% level of significance to test the claim that the average percentage of males in a wolf pack is higher in winter. (Let d = winter - summer.) (a) What is the level of significance? State the null and alternate hypotheses. Will you use a left-tailed, right-tailed, or two-tailed test? O Ho: H- 0; H,: 0; two-tailed 1 "d O H: H> O H: M- 0; H,: H> 0; right-tailed > 0; H,: - 0; right-tailed O Hại Hg = 0; H,: Mg < 0; left-tailed (b) What sampling distribution will you use? What assumptions are you making? O The Student's t. We assume that d has an approximately uniform distribution. O The Student's t. We assume that d has an approximately normal distribution. O The standard normal. We assume that d has an approximately uniform distribution. O The standard normal. We assume that d has an approximately normal distribution. What is the value of the sample test statistic? (Round your answer to three decimal places.) (c) Find (or estimate) the P-value. O P-value > 0.250 O 0.125 < P-value < 0.250 O 0.050 < P-value < 0.125 O 0.025 < P-value < 0.050 O 0.005 < P-value < 0.025
In this problem, assume that the distribution of differences is approximately normal. Note: For degrees of freedom d.f. not in the Student's t table, use the closest d.f. that is smaller. In some situations, this choice of d.f. may increase the P-value by a small amount and therefo produce a slightly more "conservative" answer. In environmental studies, sex ratios are of great importance. Wolf society, packs, and ecology have been studied extensively at different locations in the U.S. and foreign countries. Sex ratios for eight study sites in northern Europe are shown below. Location of Wolf Pack % Males (Winter) Finland % Males (Summer) 69 66 84 60 Finland Finland Lapland Lapland Russia Russia Russia 69 69 5 64 48 55 50 41 50 50 0 55 45 It is hypothesized that in winter, "loner" males (not present in summer packs) join the pack to increase survival rate. Use a 5% level of significance to test the claim that the average percentage of males in a wolf pack is higher in winter. (Let d = winter - summer.) (a) What is the level of significance? State the null and alternate hypotheses. Will you use a left-tailed, right-tailed, or two-tailed test? O Ho: H- 0; H,: 0; two-tailed 1 "d O H: H> O H: M- 0; H,: H> 0; right-tailed > 0; H,: - 0; right-tailed O Hại Hg = 0; H,: Mg < 0; left-tailed (b) What sampling distribution will you use? What assumptions are you making? O The Student's t. We assume that d has an approximately uniform distribution. O The Student's t. We assume that d has an approximately normal distribution. O The standard normal. We assume that d has an approximately uniform distribution. O The standard normal. We assume that d has an approximately normal distribution. What is the value of the sample test statistic? (Round your answer to three decimal places.) (c) Find (or estimate) the P-value. O P-value > 0.250 O 0.125 < P-value < 0.250 O 0.050 < P-value < 0.125 O 0.025 < P-value < 0.050 O 0.005 < P-value < 0.025
Glencoe Algebra 1, Student Edition, 9780079039897, 0079039898, 2018
18th Edition
ISBN:9780079039897
Author:Carter
Publisher:Carter
Chapter4: Equations Of Linear Functions
Section4.5: Correlation And Causation
Problem 11PPS
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Transcribed Image Text:In this problem, assume that the distribution of differences is approximately normal. Note: For degrees of freedom d.f. not in the Student'st table, use the closest d.f. that is smaller. In some situations, this choice of d.f. may increase the P-value by a small amount and therefore
produce a slightly more "conservative" answer.
In environmental studies, sex ratios are of great importance. Wolf society, packs, and ecology have been studied extensively at different locations in the U.S. and foreign countries. Sex ratios for eight study sites in northern Europe are shown below.
Location of Wolf Pack
% Males (Winter)
% Males (Summer)
Finland
66
69
Finland
84
69
Finland
Lapland
Lapland
Russia
60
69
55
48
64
55
50
50
Russia
41
50
Russia
55
45
It is hypothesized that in winter, "loner" males (not present in summer packs) join the pack to increase survival rate. Use a 5% level of significance to test the claim that the average percentage of males in a wolf pack is higher in winter. (Let d = winter - summer.)
(a) What is the level of significance?
State the null and alternate hypotheses. Will you use a left-tailed, right-tailed, or two-tailed test?
O H: H- 0; H,: H, 0; two-tailed
O H: H> 0; H,: = 0; right-tailed
O H,: H - 0; H,: H, > 0; right-tailed
O Ho: Hg = 0; H,: H < 0; left-tailed
(b) What sampling distribution will you use? What assumptions are you making?
O The Student's t. We assume that d has an approximately uniform distribution.
O The Student's t. We assume that d has an approximately normal distribution.
O The standard normal. We assume that d has an approximately uniform distribution.
O The standard normal. We assume that d has an approximately normal distribution.
What is the value of the sample test statistic? (Round your answer to three decimal places.)
(c) Find (or estimate) the P-value.
O P-value > 0.250
O 0.125 < P-value < 0.250
O 0.050 < P-value < 0.125
O 0.025 < P-value < 0.050
O 0.005 < P-value < 0.025
O P-value < 0.005
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