Indicate your predictions beneath the reaction (using one the following symbols →, ←, ↓, ↑ where appropriate) following the application of stress to the equilibrium reactions: Part I: On treatment with sodium acetate predict if the pH increases (↑) or decreases (↓). CH3COOH(l) +H2O(l) -><- CH3COO-(aq) + H3O+ (aq) Part II: On treatment with concentrated HCl which direction will the equilibrium adjust to minimize the “stress”: Shift left (←) or right (→)? 2H+ (aq) + 2CrO42- (aq) -><- CR2O72- (aq) + H2O (l) Part III: An equilibrium system consisting of BiCl3 and bismuth hypochlorite in water was treated with H2O. Which direction will the equilibrium adjust to minimize the “stress”: Shift left (←) or right (→)? BiCl3(s) + H2O(l) -><- BiOCl(s) + 2Cl-(aq) + 2H+ (aq)
Ionic Equilibrium
Chemical equilibrium and ionic equilibrium are two major concepts in chemistry. Ionic equilibrium deals with the equilibrium involved in an ionization process while chemical equilibrium deals with the equilibrium during a chemical change. Ionic equilibrium is established between the ions and unionized species in a system. Understanding the concept of ionic equilibrium is very important to answer the questions related to certain chemical reactions in chemistry.
Arrhenius Acid
Arrhenius acid act as a good electrolyte as it dissociates to its respective ions in the aqueous solutions. Keeping it similar to the general acid properties, Arrhenius acid also neutralizes bases and turns litmus paper into red.
Bronsted Lowry Base In Inorganic Chemistry
Bronsted-Lowry base in inorganic chemistry is any chemical substance that can accept a proton from the other chemical substance it is reacting with.
Indicate your predictions beneath the reaction (using one the following symbols →, ←, ↓, ↑ where appropriate) following the application of stress to the equilibrium reactions:
Part I: On treatment with sodium acetate predict if the pH increases (↑) or decreases (↓).
CH3COOH(l) +H2O(l) -><- CH3COO-(aq) + H3O+ (aq)
Part II: On treatment with concentrated HCl which direction will the equilibrium adjust to minimize the “stress”: Shift left (←) or right (→)?
2H+ (aq) + 2CrO42- (aq) -><- CR2O72- (aq) + H2O (l)
Part III: An equilibrium system consisting of BiCl3 and bismuth hypochlorite in water was treated with H2O. Which direction will the equilibrium adjust to minimize the “stress”: Shift left (←) or right (→)?
BiCl3(s) + H2O(l) -><- BiOCl(s) + 2Cl-(aq) + 2H+ (aq)
Part IV: On treatment with concentrated HCl which direction will the equilibrium adjust to minimize the “stress”: Shift left (←) or right (→)?
[Co(H2O)6]2+(aq) + 4Cl- (aq) <-> [CoCl4]2-(aq) + 6H2O(l)
Part V: On treatment with 6 M NaOH which direction will the equilibrium adjust to minimize the “stress” Shift left (←) or right (→)?
Fe3+ (aq) SCN- (aq) <-> [Fe(SCN)]2+(aq)
Part VI: What is the function of the vacuum aspirator? Predict the color shift of the indicator as a consequence of the applied “stress”.
Originally greenish-yellow because of 1M of HCL added.
HCO3-(aq) <-> CO2(g) + OH- (aq)
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