Reactions of Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases2.40 As we will see in later chapters, many steps in key reaction sequences involve acid-base reactions. (a) Draw curved arrows toHlustrate the flow of electrons in steps [1]-[3]. (b) Identify the base and its conjugate acid in step [1]. (c) Identify the acid andits conjugate base in step [3].HÖ: :ÖHнӧ: :ӧн:ÖH:O:+ H30:HÖ+ H2ö:HÖ+ H30:23.Hö:HÖ+

Answered: Image /qna-images/answer/1c55db48-f9c9-48ff-9c63-4ac9a9c38d94.jpg

Answered: 2.40 As we will see in later chapters,…

Principles of Modern Chemistry

8th Edition

ISBN:9781305079113

Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler

Publisher:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler

Chapter15: Acid–base Equilibria

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 21P

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How do the components of a conjugate acid—base pair differ from one another4? Give an example of a conjugate acid—base pair to illustrate your answer.
Complete a net ionic equation for each proton-transfer reaction using curved arrows to show the flow of electron pairs in each reaction. In addition, write Lewis structures for all starting materials and products. Label the original acid and its conjugate base; label the original base and its conjugate acid. If you are uncertain about which substance in each equation is the proton donor, refer to Table 4.1 for the relative strengths of proton acids. (a) NH3+HCl (b) CH3CH2O+HCl (c) HCO3+OH (d) CH3COO+NH4+
Gastric juice, the digestive ?uid produced in the stomach, contains hydrochloric acid, HCl, Milk of Magnesia, a suspension of solid Mg(OH)2 in an aqueous medium, is sometimes used to neutralize-excess stomach acid. Write a complete balanced equation for the neutralization reaction, and identify the conjugate acid—base pairs.
Each box represents an acid solution at equilibrium. Squares represent H+ ions, and circles represent the anion. Water molecules are not shown. Which figure represents a strong acid? Which figure is a weak acid?
1. Which of the following can act as a Lewis acid? (Hint : In each case, draw the Lewis electron dot structure of the molecule or ion. Are there lone pairs of electrons on the central atom? If so, it can be a Lewis base. Does the central atom lack an electron pair? If so, it can behave as a Lewis acid.) PH3 BCl3 H2S HS−
For oxyacids, how does acid strength depend on a. the strength of the bond to the acidic hydrogen atom? b. the electronegativity of the element bonded to the oxygen atom that bears the acidic hydrogen? c. the number of oxygen atoms? How does the strength of a conjugate base depend on these factors? What type of solution forms when a nonmetal oxide dissolves in water? Give an example of such an oxide. What type of solution forms when a metal oxide dissolves in water? Give an example of such an oxide.
Consider two separate solutions: one containing a weak acid. HA, and one containing HCl. Assume that you start with 10 molecules of each. a. Draw a molecular-level picture of what each solution looks like. b. Arrange the following from strongest to weakest base: Cl- H2O. A- . Explain.
Use Table 13-2 to order the following from the strongest to the weakest acid. HClO2,H2O,NH4+,HClO4
Several acids and their respective equilibrium constants are: Which is the strongest acid? Which is the weakest acid? Which acid has the weakest conjugate base? Which acid has the strongest conjugate base?
Which of the following compounds or ions has the weakest conjugate base? Briefly explain your choice. a) HCN b) HClO c) NH4+
Following is a structural formula for imidazole, a building block of the essential amino acid histidine (Chapter 27). It is also a building block of histamine, a compound all too familiar to people with allergies and takers of antihistamines. When imidazole is dissolved in water, proton transfer to it gives a cation. Is this cation better represented by structure A or B? Explain.

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