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A neutrophil detects a pathogen, which step would most likely happen next?
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Increase in intracellular levels of Arp2/3 |
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Decrease in intracellular levels of Arp2/3 |
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Neutrophils do not respond to pathogens. |
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Decreases in capZ |
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- Match the formed elements with their functions: Erythrocytes thrombocytes granulocytes neutrophils basophil natural killer cells Choices nonspecific innate defense mechanisms carry oxygen to tissues seek out and destroy bacteria via phagocytosis recognize and destroy abnormal host cells basophil releases histimine; function in allergic reactions and inflammation responses formation of blood clots and tissue repairOrder the following extravasation-related events as they occur. Oligosaccharide sulfated-sialyl-Lewis x moeity binds E-selectin neutrophil extravasates through vascular endothelium into ECM Neutrophil senses inflammatory cytokine Oligosaccharide sulfated-sialyl-Lewis x moeity binds P-selectin leukocyte integrins LFA-1 and CR3 bind ICAM-1 on the endotheliumDuring the inflammatory response, the reasoning for the swelling at the site of inflammation is because local blood vessels vasodilate bringing an increased volume of blood to the area local blood vessels vasoconstrict causing lymph fluid to accumulate in the tissue space when white blood cells are activated they begin to secrete plasma into the tissue space local blood vessels become leaky allowing some plasma to leak out into the tissue space
- Describe the structure and function of each of the following cell types 1. Basophils 2. Neutrophils 3. Macrophages 4. Dendritic cells 5. Eosinophils Which cells are phagocytic?Antibodies are what type of plasma protein? apolipoprotein metalloprotein steroid-binding protein immunoglobulin fibrinogenDescribe stages for the extravasation of neutrophils during inflammation. Include in your description the roles played by selectins and integrins.
- Which one of the following puts extravasation (diapedesis) stages in order from beginning to end? The leukocytes squeeze between the cells of the capillary wall as they follow the chemical signals to where they are most concentrated. Within the damaged tissue, neutrophils release chemicals that destroy pathogens. Monocytes mature into macrophages and both neutrophils and macrophages phagocytize pathogens and cell debris. Leukocytes in the blood respond to chemical attractants released by pathogens and nearby injured cells.Which of the following are TRUE of lymph nodes? They cause cancer cells to metastasize T/F? They act as filters to clean the lymph, preventing unwanted substances from being delivered to the blood T/F? They offer a place for lymphocytes to become activated and mount an attack against antigens T/F? They are the primary site to cleanse the blood of aged erythrocytes T/F?If a person is given a transfusion with the wrong blood type, what mechanism of action is responsible for the reaction seen in the body? O 1) IgE binds to mast cells releasing cytokines 2) Antigen-antibody complexes (IgG, IgM and IgA) lodge in basement membranes of tissues, neutrophil degranulation damages the tissues O 3) T cells respond to the inappropriate cells 4) IgG and IgM bind to cells stimulating complement, triggering cell lysis
- Which cell is responsible for initiating the inflammatory response within a tissue? basophil neutrophil mast cellMacrophage, dendritic cells, T-cells, and B-cells are all considered cells of the adaptive immune system. All these cells come in different varieties. Still there are some basic processes and interactions between them to generate the appropriate adaptive immune response and defeat the pathogen. Which leukocytes above are professional antigen-presenting cells? How do they differentiate their work load?What happens during the initial stage of acute inflammation? O brief vasodilation followed by vasoconstriction and recruitment of macrophages brief vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation resulting in edema brief vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation resulting in excess tissue production recruitment of neutrophils and macrophages that result in edema
