Is the plasma cell count above, within or below normal/reference value? b. Give the reason why there is higher than normal myeloma proteins in the blood? c. Give the reason why a high level of Bence- Jones protein is detected in urine? d. On the basis of the laboratory results, what do you think is the disease/disorder of the patient?

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9. Case Study:

   A male patient experienced body malaise, joint pains. He consulted a family medicine physician and was later referred to a hematologist, where bone marrow examination revealed  a 10% plasma cells. Myeloma proteins and Bence- Jones protein  were demostrated in the blood and urine respectively.

a. Is the plasma cell count above, within or below normal/reference value?

b. Give the reason why there is higher than normal myeloma proteins in the blood?

c. Give the reason why a high level of Bence- Jones protein is detected in urine?

d. On the basis of the laboratory results, what do you think is the disease/disorder of the patient?

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