Is this study experimental or observational? Justify.
Q: _________are computed to show cause and effect relationships and to test hypotheses and scientific…
A: Causation indicates the relationship between two events where one event causes another event to…
Q: .What percentage of females are smokers? 2.What percentage of people who do not smoke are males?…
A: Cross tabulation helps a researcher to analyze the results of bivariate relationship between the…
Q: What do think are the advantages and disadvantages of observational and experimental studies?
A:
Q: Does statistically different indicate substantially different? Why or why not?
A: No, statistically different does not indicate substantially different. These two are different…
Q: If you were assigned to develop a study to determine if homeless people are resilient to certain…
A: From the given information, it is observed that the we need to develop a study to determine homeless…
Q: Distinguish between observational and experimental types of studies?
A: An observational study is a study in which researchers simply collect data based on the data…
Q: Discuss the nature of statistical thinking in relation to intelligent decisions
A: Statistical thinking: Statistical thinking is defined as the ‘skill to think critically’, by using…
Q: What condition on a data set is required to apply the empirical rule?
A: The condition that required to apply the empirical rule is that the shape of the data should be…
Q: Is it possible to determine causation from a quasi-experiment? How and why does the interpretation…
A: Introduction: Causation: The cause-and-effect occurs between two groups if the one group makes the…
Q: What is meant by a result being statistically significant?
A: There are mainly two important things in any research. Practical significance and statistical…
Q: What are the conclusions of the study?
A: Parametric test is used to determine the mean significance between the sample and population when…
Q: Although, in practice, sample data are generally analyzed in inferential studies, what is the…
A: If the data consists of different methods for estimating the sample and drawing the inferences about…
Q: Can the empirical rule be used on any population, why or why not?
A: Empirical Rule tells us that approximately every bit of data will be falling within three standard…
Q: What is the statement regarding a population parameter formulated for the sole purpose of being…
A: A hypothesis test.
Q: Discuss how the concept of statistical independence underlies statistical hypothesis testing in…
A: In order to test whether the two categorical variables are independent from each other or not, the…
Q: at a 0.10 significance level?
A: No treatment Fertilizer Irrigation Fertilizer and irrigation 1.212 0.939 0.069 0.852…
Q: whats an experimental hypothesis?
A: Hypotheses is the plural form for hypothesis. Hypothesis is a statement about the population…
Q: What is the difference between a population and a sample? Which is described by a parameter and…
A: Determine the difference between the population and sample. The difference between the population…
Q: Is this a valid experimental design?
A: Here student want to check fertilizer affect the plant growth
Q: What is research hypothesis?
A:
Q: What quantitative research design should be used in "Relationship between Academic Stressors and…
A: Statement is given
Q: What is the explanatory variable ?
A: What is the explanatory variable ?
Q: What statistical method would you use when your variables are nominal and your measure of central…
A: Nominal variables are qualitative variables with categories having no natural ordering in it. For a…
Q: Discuss the measures of central tendencies and the situations in which one is a better…
A: The 3 most common measures of central tendency are the mean, median and mode. 1) Mean: Or we can…
Q: What is the most important consideration when designing a study on human subjects?
A: Human trials.
Q: Discuss all possible factors that would affect the validity of test scores
A: A test score is the value of the test statistic when the values of the parameter are put.
Q: give a comprehensive comparison and contrasting about experimental and non experimental research
A: Experimental research is the type of research that uses a scientific approach towards manipulating…
Q: You are asked to give a recommendation based on overall cost as to which machine, A or B, along with…
A:
Q: If the difference in means of two data sets is not zero, does that imply that on average the two…
A: In this we need to find whether the difference in means of two data sets is not zero, the does it…
Q: Suppose you want to study the effectiveness of calculators in College math classrooms by giving…
A: In experimental studies we assign some observation to one group and rest in the other group. After…
Q: Should Genetic Data be treated any different than general research information/data?
A: Genetic privacy” is a complicated concept, and a new study finds that decoding how people feel about…
Q: 11) If “correlation does not imply causation,” What does it imply?
A: Correlation does not imply causation, because causation means one variable causes the other…
Q: What does hypothesis test indicates?
A: Hypothesis test: The process of making inference regarding the population based on the sample is…
Q: The term clinical means that the study involves people. True False
A: Given, The term clinical means that the study involves people.
Q: How to create a good research hypothesis?
A: *Answer : There are several criteria that make a research hypothesis a good one, and following…
Q: What is one major difference between an observational study and an experimental study?
A: Since you have asked multiple questions, we will solve the first question for you. If you want any…
Q: If you are conducting a study on the academic performance of students who are registered members of…
A: A quantitative study would be more appropriate for this. This is because both the variables can be…
Q: Explain two reasons why the research hypothesis is not tested directly.
A: the null hypothesis is a neutral statement about a population parameter that is never proved or…
Q: What is the “third factor” problem concerning correlational studies as it relates to inferring…
A: The correlation between any two variables is the linear relationship between those variables, but it…
Q: 1. Does correlation imply causation?
A: It is an important part of statistics. It is widely used.
Q: Justify when and why we should use Levene's Test to statistically analyze data in one-way ANOVA?
A: Introduction: It is required to justify when and why Levene's test should be used while analyzing…
Q: child and their family were interviewed to assess whether there might be an association between…
A: In case-control studies, the subjects of the study are generally divided into two groups, the “cases…
Q: Describe a hypothetical study that uses questionnaire, interview or observational data.
A: Questionnaire is a set of printed questions with a multiple choice of answers, devised for the…
Q: It states that there is significant difference between the observed and expected data.
A: Alternative Hypothesis
Q: What is the primary weakness of sensitivityanalysis? What is its primary usefulness?
A: Weaknesses of sensitivity analysis It assumes that changes to variables can be made independently,…
Q: When can correlation evidence help answer a casual question?
A: I guess, instead of casual, you meant causal. Correlation is the measure of the degree of…
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- What is meant by the sample space of an experiment?What is an experiment?Aronson and Mills (1959) conducted an experiment to see whether people's liking for a group is influenced by the severity of initiation. They reasoned that when people willingly undergo a severe initiation to become members of a group, they are motivated to think that the group membership must be worthwhile. Otherwise, they would experience cognitive dissonance: Why put up with severe initiation for the sake of a group membership that is worthless? In their experiment, participants were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: Group 1 (control) had no initiation. Group 2 (mild) had a mildly embarrassing initiation (reading words related to sex out loud). Group 3 (severe) had a severely embarrassing initiation (reading sexually explicit words and obscene words out loud). After the initiation, each person listened to a standard tape-recorded discussion among the group that they would now supposedly be invited to join; this was made up made to be as dull and banal as possible.…
- In their study of the effectiveness of cardiac catheterization, McClellan,McNeil, and Newhouse (1994) used as an instrument the difference indistance to cardiac catheterization and regular hospitals. How could youdetermine whether this instrument is relevant? How could you determinewhether this instrument is exogenous?In a study of whether taking a garlic supplement reduces the risk of getting a cold, participants were assigned to either a garlic supplement group or to a group that did not take a garlic supplement.† Based on the study, it was concluded that the proportion of people taking a garlic supplement who get a cold is lower than the proportion of those not taking a garlic supplement who get a cold. Do you think that the study was conducted in a reasonable way? What additional information would you want in order to evaluate this study? (Select all that apply.) A) whether the patients knew which treatment they were receiving B) whether the patients were randomly assigned to the treatments C) whether the patient's last name started with A through M D) whether the patient's cold lasted more than a week E) whether the experiment was conducted on a sufficient number of patients so that the differences observed could not be attributed to chanceDr. Cudaback examined the number of copies of the amyloid beta gene in five aged APOE 4 mice. What is the: a. response variable = b. type of variable = c. n=
- Sleep apnea is a disorder characterized by pauses in breathing during sleep. Children who suffer from untreated sleep apnea often have behavior problems, including hyperactivity, inattention, and aggression. A common treatment for pediatric sleep apnea is the surgical removal of enlarged tonsils and adenoids that are obstructing the airways. Suppose researchers at a sleep clinic are interested in the effect of surgical treatment for pediatric sleep apnea on aggressive behavior. They study 11 children without sleep apnea, 11 children with untreated sleep apnea, and 11 children who have been surgically treated for sleep apnea. Aggression is measured using the Conners Rating Scales. The sample means and sums of squares of the scores for each of the three groups are presented in the following table. Group Sample Mean Sum of Squares No Sleep Apnea 0.59 0.3240 Untreated Sleep Apnea 0.45 0.4410 Treated Sleep Apnea 0.31 0.2250 The researchers perform an analysis of…Q1: Adolescent obesity is a serious health risk affecting more than 5 million young people in the United States alone. Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding has the potential to provide a safe and effective treatment. Fifty adolescents between 14 and 18 years old with a body mass index higher than 35 were recruited from the Melbourne, Australia, community for the study. Twenty-five were randomly selected to undergo gastric banding, and the remaining 25 were assigned to a supervised lifestyle intervention program involving diet, exercise, and behavior modification. All subjects were followed for two years. b. Without assuming the two groups having equal variances, give a 95% confidence interval for the mean weight loss difference between the gastric banding and intervention group. c. Test if gastric banding leads to greater weight loss than the lifestyle intervention program, give H0, Ha, test statistic, p-value, conclusion and 95% CI for the mean weight loss difference. d. Now…Q1: Adolescent obesity is a serious health risk affecting more than 5 million young people in the United States alone. Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding has the potential to provide a safe and effective treatment. Fifty adolescents between 14 and 18 years old with a body mass index higher than 35 were recruited from the Melbourne, Australia, community for the study. Twenty-five were randomly selected to undergo gastric banding, and the remaining 25 were assigned to a supervised lifestyle intervention program involving diet, exercise, and behavior modification. All subjects were followed for two years. Ex21-48ADOBESE.jmp gives the weight losses, in kilograms, for the subjects who completed the study. a. Get the 5-number summaries and mean, s.d for each group. b. Without assuming the two groups having equal variances, give a 95% confidence interval for the mean weight loss difference between the gastric banding and intervention group. c. Test if gastric banding leads to greater…
- The article “HIV-positive Smokers Considering Quitting: Differences by Race/Ethnicity” (E. Lloyd-Richardson, C. Stanton, et al., Am J Health Behav, 2008:3–15) reported that in a group of 230 European-American HIV-positive smokers, 102 of them had used a nicotine patch to try to quit smoking, and in a group of 72 Hispanic-American HIV-positive smokers, 20 had used a nicotine patch. Can you conclude that the proportion of patch users is greater among European-Americans?A study is being conducted on the effect of gas price on the number of miles driven in a given month. Residents in two cities, one on the East Coast and one on the West Coast, are randomly selected and asked to complete a questionnaire on the type of car they drive, the number of miles they live from work, the number of children under 18 in their household, their monthly income, and the number of miles they have driven over the past 30 days. State whether this study is an experimental or observational study? Explain in brief the reason for your answer.1.An experiment was conducted for better understanding of the effectiveness of a particular type of drug for reducing bad cholesterol (LDL) level. The purpose of the experiment was to determine whether different dosages used have significant different outcomes in average LDL reduction. Twenty subjects with LDL at around 250 to 300 mg/dL had participated in the study and were randomly divided into four groups. Each group was given a specific level of dosage of the drug each day for one month, with a control group that only provided with placebo. The reduction in LDL was recorded and showed in the following table. Positive number indicates reduction and negative numbers indicates increasing in DLD. Use statistical software to analyze the data and answer the following question. Control Light Dosage Level Medium Dosage Level Heavy Dosage Level 7 25 73 81 -3 17 60 71 6 22 55 79 5 21 41 60 15 12 36 85 Use statistical…