la. Derive the expenditure multiplier for the economy. (Y = C + I+ G + (X – M) C = ca + cyd : where Ca = autonomous consumption, and Yd= (1-t)Y i.e. disposable income. %3D And t is the tax rate. M = Ma + mY : where Ma = autonomous consumption, and m=marginal propensity to import.
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- In an economy with no government and no foreign sectors, autonomous consumer spending is $250 billion, planned investment spending is $350 billion, and the marginal propensity to consume is 2/3. a) Plot the aggregate consumption function and planned aggregate spending. b) What is unplanned inventory investment when real GDP equal $600 billion? c) What is Y*, income-expenditure equilibrium GDP? d) What is the value of the multiplier? e) If planned investment spending rises to $450 billion, what will be the new Y*?In an economy, autonomous consumption expenditure is $50 billion, investment is $200 billion, and government expenditure is $250 billion. Exports are $500 billion and imports are $450 billion. Assume that net taxes and imports are autonomous and price level is fixed. a)What is the consumotion function? b)What is the equation of the aggregate expenditure curve? c)Calculate equilibrium expenditure. d)Calculate the multiplier. e)If investment decreases to $150 billion, what is the change in equilibrium expenditure ?Question 3: At a level of National Income of AED 30,000 Million, the government announced an increase in expenditures from AED 1000 Million to AED 1500 Million as a stimulus package for infrastructure development and at the same time government also announced an increase in tax from AED 1000 Million to AED 1600 Million. The marginal propensity to consume (MPC) for the country is 0.75. Find the impact of these changes on National Income. Explain the leakages of multiplier
- Q) Consider the multiplier model (in which the only component of expenditure that depends on income is consumption), and suppose that investment expenditures decrease by $50 million. All else equal, then the spending-balance level of output will A) increase by $50 million B) decrease by $50 million C) decrease by more than $50 million D) decrease by less than $50 million Solve it correctlyThe following table shows consumption (C), investment spending (I), and government purchases (G), for some hypothetical economy at several levels of income (reported in billions of dollars of real GDP). Assume that in this economy, income is taxed at a rate of 25%, base consumption is $50 billion, and that the marginal propensity to consume (MPC) is 0.667, or 2/3. Further assume that this economy is closed, that is, there is no international trade and so net exports are always equal to zero. Use the given information to fill in disposable income, consumption, and planned expenditures in the following table. Income: Real GDP Disposable (After Tax) Income C Ip G Planned Expenditures (Billions of dollars) (Billions of dollars) (Billions of dollars) (Billions of dollars) (Billions of dollars) (Billions of dollars) 0 0 50 100 50 100 100 50 200 100 50 300 100 50 400 100 50 500 100 50…An economy has a marginal propensity to consume of 0.5, and Y*, the income-expenditure equilibrium GDP, equals $500 billion. Given an autonomous increase in planned investment of $10 billion, answer the following questions. a. What is the value of the multiplier? Value of the multiplier = b. What would you expect the total change in Y* to be based on the multiplier formula? Change in Y* based on the multiplier = billion c. What is the total change in real GDP after the 10 rounds? It may be beneficial to make a table on a separate sheet of paper to calculate the change in real GDP for each of the rounds, and then add up the values. Total change in real GDP (10 rounds) =
- (a)Elaborate THREE (3) determinants in which consumption can be increased according to the consumption function. (b)Assume that a three-sector economy in Country W. The amount of autonomous consumption is RM300 million with the proportion of an increase in income that is spent on consumption is 0.5. An induced tax of 20% is imposed by the country. The amount of investment is RM250 million, and the amount of government spending is RM150 million. (i)Calculate the national income equilibrium. (ii)Based on your answer in (i), show the aggregate expenditure graph. (iii)Explain what would happen to the national income equilibrium if the investment changes by RM100 million.. Consider an economy in which autonomous consumption, planned autonomous investment, autonomous government expenditure, autonomous taxes, and the marginal propensity to consume are given (there are no net exports). Autonomous consumer spending = $3,000 Ip = $5,000 G = $3,000 T = $4,000 MPC = .75 What is the level of actual investment [Actual investment includes both planned and unplanned inventory changes. Hint: Compare Y and C + I + G at the level of income in part (a)] if Y = $19,000? What is the level of unintended or unplanned inventory investment?Assume autonomous consumption is Gh¢ 400 million, autonomous investment is Gh¢ 300 million and marginal propensity to consume is 75%. Use income expenditure approach to calculate; I) the equilibrium national income Ii) the multiplier III) assume further that autonomous investment changes to Gh¢ 700, find the new equilibrium national income
- Suppose that the government expenditure multiplier is equal to 6. By how much should the government decrease government expenditures (G) in order to close this inflationary gap?The following table shows consumption (C), investment spending (I), and government purchases (G), for some hypothetical economy at several levels of income (reported in billions of dollars of real GDP). Assume that in this economy, income is taxed at a rate of 25%, base consumption is $25 billion, and that the marginal propensity to consume (MPC) is 0.333, or 1/3. Further assume that this economy is closed, that is, there is no international trade and so net exports are always equal to zero. Use the given information to fill in disposable income, consumption, and planned expenditures in the following table. Income: Real GDP Disposable (After Tax) Income C Ip G Planned Expenditures (Billions of dollars) (Billions of dollars) (Billions of dollars) (Billions of dollars) (Billions of dollars) (Billions of dollars) 0 0 25 150 50 100 150 50 200 150 50 300 150 50 400 150 50 500 150 50…Problem 1 Consider the Aggregate expenditure model. Where:AD = C + I + G + NX where I, G, and NX are all autonomous.C = C + c∗(Y + T R − T A where T A = tY with t ∈ [0, 1] is the proportional tax rate and c∗ ∈ (0, 1) is the marginal propensity to consume.a. Using the information above, solve for AD. Combineall the autonomous terms into one term, A. b. In an (x, y) plane, where Y is on the horizontal axis and AD is on thevertical axis, illustrate the AD curve you derived above along with the 45degreeline.Make sure to explain how you got the Y-intercept and solve for the slope. c. Provide an economic interpretation for the slope of the AD function. d. Solve for the equilibrium level of output and show what happens to outputwhen G increases by 1 unit. That is, what is ∆Y ? Show your result graphicallyand explain how the AD curves shifts and by how much. Briefly explain. e) Suppose that ∆G = −1 and ∆T R = +2. Show what happens to theequilibrium level of output. Explain your result
