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- Consider the following model of the economy Production function: Y = AKN – N2/2Marginal product of labor: MPN = AK – N. Where the initial values of A = 8 and K = 10. The initial labor supply curve is given as: NS = 20 + 9w. Cd = 401 + .50(Y-T) – 500rId = 800 – 500rG = 500T= 100 Md/P = 469 + 0.5Y- 1000r Nominal Money supply M = 4000 We assume that expectedinflation is zero (?e?= 0) so that money demand depends directly onthe real interest rate (since i = r). 1 a) Solve for the labor market clearing real wage (w*), theprofit maximizing level of labor input (N*), and the full employment level ofoutput (Y*). Please show your work. Draw two diagrams verticallywith the labor market on the bottom graph and the production function on thetop graph. Be sure to label everything including this initial equilibrium pointas point A b) Derive an expression for the IS curve (r in terms of Y). Please show all work c) Find the real interest rate that clears the goods market. Please show all work…Assume that an economy operates according to the sticky-wage model. The nominal wagewas set to make labor supply and labor demand equal when the expected price levelequaled 120 (as measured by the consumer price index).a. Use a graph of the labor market to illustrate what happens to the quantity oflabor employed if the actual price level over the time period when wages arestuck equals 110.b. Use a graph of the production function to illustrate how the quantity of outputproduced changes if the actual price level equals 110 when the expected pricelevel is 120.c. Given the unexpectedly low price level, will this economy be operating above,below, or at the natural rate?Two main macroeconomic concerns are the problems of inflation andunemployment.a. What are the social costs of inflation? Explain TWO of them? b. What is natural rate of unemployment? Explain the TWO main causesof natural rate of unemployment. With reference specifically to ONEof these causes, suggest ONE practical government policy that reducesthe natural rate of unemployment.
- he Fisher effect implies that lenders set a nominal interest following the general relationship i= E[π] + rmkt, where i is the nominal interest rate, and r is the competitively determined rate of return. Which best describes redistribution between borrowers and lenders if inflation unexpectedly rises? a. The nominal interest rate, i, from a loan will be too low and the real rate of return will increase. b. The nominal interest rate, i, from a loan will be too low and the real rate of return will decrease. c. The nominal rate set at the time of loan agreements will be too high, and the real rate of return will decrease. d. The Fisher effect is based entirely on perfect information for inflation, ie E[π] = π. e. None of the aboveSuppose that all social programs simultaneously become more generous. In particular suppose thatthere is an increase in UI benefits of $500, and also an increase in welfare benefits of $500, whichare represented in the two-sided search model as payments to everyone who is not in the labor force.What will be the effects on• the unemployment rate, U ,• the vacancy rate, v,• the labor force, Q,• the number of firms, A,• aggregate output, Y , and• labor market tightness, j ≡ A/Q?Consider the market for loanable funds. Suppose the demand for loans is given be i=9-Q+π, and the supply of loans is given by i=Q/2+π, where π represents inflation. Now suppose that π=5 (instead of 3, in the previous problem). What is the equilbrium quantity of loans and what is the corresponsing interest rate? Q*=8, i*=6 Q*=3, i*=6 Q*=6, i*=8 Q*=6, i*=6
- The tendency of many economic variables to move together in a predictable way over the business cycle is called Select one: Oa. recurrence O b. persistence OC. comovement Od. inflation Note:- Please refrain from offering handwritten solutions. Please ensure that your response maintains accuracy and quality to avoid receiving a downvote. Take care of plagiarism. Answer completely. You will get up vote for sure.a) although a govenment adobts various mnetary policies to manage financial stability to achieve aconomic growth, there are some factors thatcould undermine he effectiveness of these polies". discuss any three of these factors.K Inflation is OA. a fall in the value of money. OB. a rise in the value of money. OC. a sustained increase in wages. OD. all of the above. Note:- Please avoid using ChatGPT and refrain from providing handwritten solutions; otherwise, I will definitely give a downvote. Also, be mindful of plagiarism.Answer completely and accurate answer.Rest assured, you will receive an upvote if the answer is accurate.
- c. According to the Keynesian theory, what would be the effect of the “A wave of investor and consumer pessimism about the future profitability of capital investments and lower future income” on output (Y), the real interest rate (r), employment (L) and the price level (P)? Distinguish between the short run and the long run effects by using the IS-LM-FE and AD-AS models and the effective labor demand theory.Social loss is L=(u-5)^2+(pi-2)^2Philips curve is u=7-(pi-pi_e), where pi is actual inflation rate, pi_e is expected inflation by the public. (1)If gov't is honest, then gov't should choose pi =____ (2)If gov't is sophisticated and public is naive, then gov't should announce pi_a =____ (3)If gov't is sophisticated and public is naive, then gov't should choose pi =____Suppose in the real business cycle model that there is a simultaneous temporary increase inboth current government spending and in the current money supply. Draw diagrams for thelabour, goods and money market, and the production function. Determine the equilibriumeffects of these two shocks occurring simultaneously on employment, output, consumption,investment, money, real wages, the real interest rate, and the price level. Provide a detailedeconomic analysis explaining your results with the aid of the diagrams.