Liquid butane (C4H10) is stored in cylinders to be used as afuel. The normal boiling point of butane is listed as -0.5 °C.(a) Suppose the tank is standing in the sun and reaches atemperature of 35 °C. Would you expect the pressure in thetank to be greater or less than atmospheric pressure? Howdoes the pressure within the tank depend on how muchliquid butane is in it? (b) Suppose the valve to the tank isopened and a few liters of butane are allowed to escape rapidly.What do you expect would happen to the temperatureof the remaining liquid butane in the tank? Explain.(c) How much heat must be added to vaporize 250 g ofbutane if its heat of vaporization is 21.3 kJ/mol? What volumedoes this much butane occupy at 755 torr and 35 °C?
States of Matter
The substance that constitutes everything in the universe is known as matter. Matter comprises atoms which in turn are composed of electrons, protons, and neutrons. Different atoms combine together to give rise to molecules that act as a foundation for all kinds of substances. There are five states of matter based on their energies of attraction, namely solid, liquid, gases, plasma, and BEC (Bose-Einstein condensates).
Chemical Reactions and Equations
When a chemical species is transformed into another chemical species it is said to have undergone a chemical reaction. It consists of breaking existing bonds and forming new bonds by changing the position of electrons. These reactions are best explained using a chemical equation.
Liquid butane (C4H10) is stored in cylinders to be used as a
fuel. The normal boiling point of butane is listed as -0.5 °C.
(a) Suppose the tank is standing in the sun and reaches a
temperature of 35 °C. Would you expect the pressure in the
tank to be greater or less than atmospheric pressure? How
does the pressure within the tank depend on how much
liquid butane is in it? (b) Suppose the valve to the tank is
opened and a few liters of butane are allowed to escape rapidly.
What do you expect would happen to the temperature
of the remaining liquid butane in the tank? Explain.
(c) How much heat must be added to vaporize 250 g of
butane if its heat of vaporization is 21.3 kJ/mol? What volume
does this much butane occupy at 755 torr and 35 °C?
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