Malic acid is a weak diprotic organic acid with Ka1 = 4.0 × 10-4 and Ka2 = 9.0 × 10-5.a Letting the symbol H2A represent malic acid, write the chemical equations that represent Ka1 and Ka2 . Write the chemical equation that represents Ka1 × Ka2. b Qualitatively describe the relative concentrations of H2A, HA-, A2-, and H3 O+ in a solution that is about one molar in malic acid.c Calculate the pH of a 0.0175 M malic acid solution and the equilibriumconcentration of [H2 A].d What is the A2- concentrationin in solutions b and c?

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