Meiotic products of a trisomic One pole Other pole 3 2 A a A 20 3 3 2 A 3 FIGURE 17-14 Three equally likely segregations may take place in the meiosis of an A/a/a trisomic, ylelding the genotypes shown. 2.
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. Based on Figure 17-4, how many chromatids are in a
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- The chromosome constitution number of this individual is 2=6. This drawing represents: a. mitotic metaphase. b. meiotic metaphase I. c. meiotic metaphase II. d. a gamete. e. sixnonhomologous chromosomes.We are following the progress of human chromosome 1 during meiosis. At the end of prophase I, how many chromosomes, chromatids, and centromeres are present to ensure that chromosome 1 faithfully traverses meiosis?Down syndrome (trisomy 21) and Edwards syn-drome (trisomy 18) are the most common autosomal triso-mies seen in human infants. Does this fact mean that thesechromosomes are the most difficult to segregate properlyduring meiosis?
- For each of the following types of chromosomalaberrations, tell: (i) whether the chromosomes of anorganism heterozygous for the aberration will formany type of loop during prophase I of meiosis;(ii) whether a chromosomal bridge can be formedduring anaphase I in a heterozygote, and if so, underwhat conditions; (iii) whether an acentric fragmentcan be formed during anaphase I in a heterozygote,and if so, under what conditions; (iv) whether theaberration can suppress meiotic recombination; and(v) whether the two chromosomal breaks responsible for the aberration occur on the same side or on opposite sides of a single centromere, or if the two breaksoccur on different chromosomes.a. Reciprocal translocationb. Paracentric inversionc. Small tandem duplicationd. Robertsonian translocatione. Pericentric inversionf. Large deletiondrawings of metaphase I,telophaseI, and telophase II for meiosis of AaBb. the genes are not linked, and there is no crossing overA woman who sought genetic counseling is found to be heterozygousfor a chromosomal rearrangement between the second andthird chromosomes. Her chromosomes, compared to those in anormal karyotype, are diagrammed on the next page:(a) What kind of chromosomal aberration is shown? (b) Using a drawing, demonstrate how these chromosomeswould pair during meiosis. Be sure to label the differentsegments of the chromosomes.(c) This woman is phenotypically normal. Does thissurprise you? Why or why not? Under what circumstancesmight you expect a phenotypic effect of such arearrangement? The woman in above problem has had two miscarriages. Shehas come to you, an established genetic counselor, with thesequestions:(a) Is there a genetic explanation of her frequent miscarriages?
- A woman who sought genetic counseling is found to be heterozygousfor a chromosomal rearrangement between the second andthird chromosomes. Her chromosomes, compared to those in anormal karyotype, are diagrammed on the next page:(a) What kind of chromosomal aberration is shown? (b) Using a drawing, demonstrate how these chromosomeswould pair during meiosis. Be sure to label the differentsegments of the chromosomes.(c) This woman is phenotypically normal. Does thissurprise you? Why or why not? Under what circumstancesmight you expect a phenotypic effect of such arearrangement? The woman in above problem has had two miscarriages. Shehas come to you, an established genetic counselor, with thesequestions:(a) If not, what is the chance that she could have a normalchild? Provide an informed response to her concernsA diploid (2n) trihybrid individual with the genotype EeFfGg can make eight genetically different gametes. Loci E/e and F/f are on chromosome 1 and locus G/g is on chromosome 2. Explain how a gamete containing the alleles e, f and g may be produced by meiosis. Refer specifically to meiotic events occurring during Prophase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I and Anaphase II. (NB: remember to refer to the organism above).The incidence of Down syndrome will be high (nearly 50%) among the offspring of a parent with Down syndrome. Diagram meiosis in the Down syndrome parent to explain why progeny have such a high risk for chromosome 21 aneuploidy. Explain in addition why the incidence of Down syndrome among these children might be less than 50%.
- Two genes ‘d’ and ‘t’ are assumed to show linkage as well as produce recombinants upto 30%. If dd/ dd individual is crossed with one which is tt/tt. What genotype will produce in first filial generation? Also give the possible meiotic products produced by first generation. If a test cross is performed what phenotypes and genotypes will produced in progeny.In Neurospora, his2 mutants require the amino acidhistidine for growth, and lys4 mutants require theamino acid lysine. The two genes are on the samearm of the same chromosome, in the ordercentromere - his2 - lys4.A his2 mutant is mated with a lys4 mutant. Draw all ofthe possible ordered asci that could result from meioses in which the following events occurred, accountingfor the nutritional requirements for each ascospore.Ascospores without any copy of a chromosome willabort and die, turning white in the process.a. A single crossover between the centromere and his2b. A single crossover between his2 and lys4c. Nondisjunction during the first meiotic divisiond. Nondisjunction during the second meiotic divisione. A single crossover between the centromere andhis2, followed by nondisjunction during the firstmeiotic divisionf. A single crossover between his2 and lys4,followed by nondisjunction during the firstmeiotic divisionA woman who sought genetic counseling is found to be heterozygousfor a chromosomal rearrangement between the second andthird chromosomes. Her chromosomes, compared to those in anormal karyotype, are diagrammed on the next page:(a) What kind of chromosomal aberration is shown?