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A: (C)
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(a) In a few sentences, explain what will happen in the long run that will prevent monopolistically competitive firms from continuing to earn above-normal economic profits.
(b) What is different about monopolists and oligopolists that allows these firms to earn above-normal economic profits in the long run, when
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- Can you explain it simply and clearly, especially the formula? Productive and Allocative Efficiency of Monopolistic Competition Price = Minimum Average Total Cost Most of the monopolistic competitive firms cannot achieve productive efficiency since they sell a higher or bigger price than the minimum average cost, and it can actually cost a loss of money in their minimum ATC. In monopolistic competitive firms they can also use their excess capacity but they would only produce a quantity equal to their minimum ATC. Yet they Might not be able to sell that in the amount without lowering their prices. So it's either reducing their profits or incurring losses. In addition, monopolistic firms doesn't meet the allocative efficiency. They cannot achieve it because allocative efficiency requires that Price = Marginal Cost. The monopolistic firm shows a downward sloping demand curve which means to sell more unit they must lower the price of all the units. The firm maximize profits when…Discuss some products and markets that are good examples of Monopolistic Competition. Like the market structure of perfect competition, monopolistic competition assumes inexpensive entry into the market and thus many small sellers. Like the market structure of monopoly, monopolistic competition assumes a downward sloping demand curve. This is because, unlike the identical products found in perfectly competitive markets, the products in monopolistically competitive markets are differentiated and not perfect substitutes for one another. Therefore each monopolistically competitive seller has some degree of brand loyalty and would not lose all of its customers if it slightly raised its price above that of its competition. While not facing perfectly elastic, or horizontal, demand, the monopolistically competitive firm still faces a more elastic demand than the monopolist, whose product has no substitutes. Give two examples of markets where there are many choices among products, yet we…How does monopolistic competition differ from pure competition in its basic characteristics? How does it differ from pure monopoly? Explain fully what product differentiation may involve. Explain how the entry of firms into its industry affects the demand curve facing a monopolistic competitor and how that, in turn, affects its economic profit.
- According to the textbook, which of the following statements is (are) correct? (x) As new firms enter a monopolistically competitive market, product diversity in the market increases, however, profits of existing firms decrease since demand for the products of those firms decreases as they lose customers to the new entering firms. (y) The product-variety externality associated with monopolistic competition arises because in markets that are monopolistically competitive markets, firms try to differentiate their products. (z) When the loss from a business-stealing externality exceeds the gain from a product-variety externality, there are likely to be too many firms in a monopolistically competitive market.When oil prices increased 10 fold during the 1973 – 80 energy crisis, many oil companies made huge profits. During this energy crisis, Congress considered imposing an “excess profits” tax on oil companies. If you were in Congress, would you vote for such a tax? Do unexpected monopolistic profits serve any useful function in a market economy?How would a monopolistically competitive firm determine its profit maximizing level of output and price? Group of answer choices 1-The firm would use industry averages to determine the profit maximizing level of output and price. 2-A monopolistically competitive firm could set any output and price level to yield maximum profit because it controls all of the resources. 3-The firm would determine output based on the intersection of marginal cost and marginal revenue, then examine where that output level intersects with the demand curve to determine the price. 4-The firm would determine output based on the intersection of average cost and marginal cost, then examine where that output level intersects with the supply curve to determine the price.
- The transition from short-run to long-run equilibrium in a monopolistically competitive industry is rather analogous to that in a perfectly competitive one.What factor(s) might drive profits to zero in a perfectly competitive firm in the long run? Would your answer to the previous question differ if we consider a monopolistically competitive firm rather than a perfectly competitive firm? Finally, why would a firm choose to operate at a loss in the short run? When would it decide to shut down production temporarily?How might advertising make markets less competitive? How might it make markets more competitive? Give the arguments for and against brand names. What are the three reasons that a market might have a monopoly? Give two examples of monopolies, and explain the reason for each. List the three key attributes of monopolistic competition. What kind of agreements is illegal for businesses to make? What is meant by competitive firm? what is meant Perfect competition? what is market structure? What is economics?Answer all four questions! Is a monopolistically competitive firm productively efficient? How can you tell? Offer one reason why a monopolistically competitive firm might be productively inefficient. Is it allocatively efficient? How can you tell? Offer one reason why a monopolistically competitive firm might be allocatively inefficient.
- An industry said to be characterized by monopolistic competition is the apparel industry. Suppose you were hired as a consultant by a firm in this industry. How would you advise the firm as to the levels of output, price, input usage, and advertising? What problems might the firm encounter?What are the “monopolistic” and the “competitive” elements of monopolistic competition?Instructions: In order to receive full credit, you must make a selection for each option. For correct answer(s), click the box once to place a check mark. For incorrect answer(s), click twice to empty the box.Similar to a monopoly, a monopolistic competitor: can restrict output to increase price (at least in the short run).checked can make profits or losses in the short run.unanswered faces a downward-sloping demand curve.unanswered faces high barriers to entry.unanswered makes economic profits in the long run.unanswered produces where P > MR = MC.unanswered has one seller.unanswered Instructions: In order to receive full credit, you must make a selection for each option. For correct answer(s), click the box once to place a check mark. For incorrect answer(s), click twice to empty the box.Similar to a perfect competitor, a monopolistic competitor: faces a perfectly elastic demand…
