n a closed economy, suppose fiscal policy adds $500 bln in new government spending to GDP. Will the net effect on GDP be equal to, less than, or greater than $500? On what does your answer depend? In an open economy, is that same $500 bln rise in government spending going to have the same effect, all else equal, as in a closed economy? Why or why not?
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In a closed economy, suppose fiscal policy adds $500 bln in new government spending to
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- Consumption function C = 200 + 0.8Yd Planned investment I = 400 Government spending G = 600 Exports EX = 200 Imports IM = 0.1Yd Autonomous Taxes T = 500 Marginal Tax Rate t=0.2 Planned aggregate expenditure AE = C + I + G + (EX - IM) By using the above information calculate the equilibrium level of income for this economy and explain why fiscal policy becomes less effective in an open economyWhen thinking about Keynesian fiscal policy it is the case that big changes in national income can be made by making small changes to: (a) Exchange rates; (b) Interest rates. (c) Tax codes; (d) Autonomous expenditure;Assume there is no discretionary increase in government spending. Explain how an improving economy will affect the budget balance and, in turn, investment and the trade balance.
- An open economy with a government sector is in equilibrium. Assume the following: Marginal propensity to save = 0.4 Marginal propensity to tax = 0.2 Marginal propensity to import = 0.2Showing your method of working, calculate by how much the equilibrium level of national income would fall, if injections in the economy are reduced by $60m.Imagine Sri Lanka is trying to reduce inflation using a contractionary fiscal policy. Discuss the impact of a contractionary fiscal policy using suitable diagrams ...How are changes in the country’s internal balance likely to have affected government tax revenue and government welfare expenditure between Year 2019 and Year 2020?
- Which of the following is a category of fiscal policy?A) government policies regarding transfer payments and welfare benefitsB) government policies regarding the purchase of goods and servicesC) government policies regarding taxationD) all of the above Planned aggregate expenditure increases when ________ in the income-expenditure model.A) the government sector is excludedB) consumption is excludedC) the government sector is includedD) investment is excluded If output is greater than planned aggregate expenditure, there will beA) no change in inventories.B) a planned increase in inventories.C) an unplanned decrease in inventories.D) an unplanned increase in inventories. . During a recession, unemployment ________, tax revenue ________, and the budget deficit ________.A) rises; rises; fallsB) falls; falls; risesC) rises; falls; risesD) falls; rises; risesOf the four choices below, which causes a shift in the Supply of dollars to the right? A. An expansionary fiscal policy that raised U.S. income and increased U.S. imports.B. An expansionary fiscal policy that raised U.S. income and reduced U.S. imports.C. A contractionary fiscal policy that reduced U.S. income and lowered U.S. imports.D. A contractionary fiscal policy that reduced U.S. income and increased U.S. imports.Suppose an economy is represented by the following equations.Consumption function C = 200 + 0.8YdPlanned investment I = 400Government spending G = 600Exports EX = 200Imports IM = 0.1YdAutonomous Taxes T = 500Marginal Tax Rate t=0.2Planned aggregate expenditure AE = C + I + G + (EX - IM) By using the above information calculate the equilibrium level of income for this economy and explain why fiscal policy becomes less effective in an open economy
- In an open economy such that: C = 100 + 0.90 (Y – T) Md = 0.40 Y - 20 R I = 20 - 10 R Ms = 100 + BP X = 30 - 0.10 Y BP = X + K T = 40 K = 10 + 5R G = 50 Determine the equilibrium levels of Y and R. If G increases to $100, what are the new Y and R? What is the government spending multiplier?Show using the IS-LM graph the impact of an expansionary fiscal policy if the LM curve is vertical. If you were the Economic Planner in this country, how would you implement the fiscal policy without causing any crowding out of private investment? (You may insert a snapshot of the graph if drawn manuallyIs is possible for federal investment to have a negative rate of return? Yes, if the spending results in a strong crowding-out effect or if state and local governments substitute towards federal investment by reducing stateand local investment. Either would potentially reduce future productivity and output (GDP), resulting in a negative return. Yes, if the spending results in a weak crowding-out effect or if state and local investments complement the increase in federal investment by. Either would potentially reduce future productivity and output (GDP) and hence result in a negative return. No. At worst, federal investment can have no future return as the expenditure offered some form of service (ex. jobs training) or useful infrastructure (ex. highways). No. If in the future there were a negative return, the federal government would increase expenditures again to offset it.