New alleles are born into a population in.... O a. Linkage equilibrium via natural selection O b. Linkage equilibrium via mutation/drift O. Linkage disequilibrium via natural selection O d. Linkage disequlibrium via mutation/drift
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- Population genetics is the study of: a. how selective forces change the allele frequencies in a population over time b. the genetic basis of population-wide traits c. whether traits have a genetic basis d. the degree of inbreeding in a populationThe Hardy-Weinberg equation characterizes the allele and genotypefrequenciesa. of a population that is experiencing selection for mating success.b. of a population that is extremely small.c. of a population that is very large and not evolving.d. of a community of species that is not evolving.e. of a community of species that is experiencing selection.The persistence of sickle-cell anemia in a population with a high incidence of malaria is a case of______ . a. bottlenecking c. the founder effect b. inbreeding d. a balanced polymorphism
- People who are heterozygous for the cystic fibrosis gene are morelikely than others to survive a cholera epidemic. This heterozygoteadvantage seems to explain why homozygotes are maintained in thehuman population, and is an example ofa. disruptive selection.b. balanced polymorphism.c. high mutation rate.d. nonrandom mating.a. What effect does combining genetic drift and natural selection have on beneficial mutations? b. How would you it change if population size increases1b.) Which is NOT commonly an effect of inbreeding in a population? a. an increase in the frequency of homozygous dominant individuals b. an increase in the frequency of homozygous recessive individuals c. an increase in the frequency of recessive genetic diseases d. better health and fertility of inbreds lines compared to lines that are not inbred.
- Genetic drift can be defined as Group of answer choices A. accidental changes in DNA structure b.how lazy loci evolve c. random change in allele frequency over time D. differences in fitness between alleles1.9 What is expected to happen to the frequency of an allele B in a very small population of interbreeding individuals that separate from the main population? A. decrease B. cannot be predicted C. increase D. fluctuateMigration of individuals from a mainland population to a unique island population will result in… a. homogenization of allele frequencies between the two populations. b. isolation and bottleneck effect. c. increased homozygosity in both populations. d. increased population differentiation between the two populations.
- The MN blood group is of interest to population geneticists because (a) people with genotype MN cannot receive blood transfusions from either MM or NN people (b) the MM, MN, and NN genotype frequencies can be observed directly and compared with calculated expected frequencies (c) the M allele is dominant to the N allele (d) people with the MN genotype exhibit frequency-dependent selection (e) people with the MN genotype exhibit heterozygote advantageIf a populations allele and genotype frequencies remain constant from generation to generation, (a) the population is undergoing evolutionary change (b) the population is said to be at genetic equilibrium (c) microevolution has taken place (d) directional selection is occurring, but only for a few generations (e) genetic drift is a significant evolutionary forceGalapagos medium ground finches are found on Santa Cruz and San Cristóbal islands, which are separated by about 100 km of ocean. Occasionally, individuals from either island fly to the other island to stay. This can alter the allele frequencies of the population through which of the following mechanisms? a. natural selection b. genetic drift c. gene flow d. mutation