New immigrants generally face an “entry effect” in terms of the wages they can expect to earn relative to a comparable local-born worker. Based on your understanding of the course material, describe three factors that may contribute to this entry effect.
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New immigrants generally face an “entry effect” in terms of the wages they can expect to earn relative to a comparable local-born worker. Based on your understanding of the course material, describe three factors that may contribute to this entry effect.
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- Suppose there are two identical job offers in the same competitive labor market for a software developer position. Both offers have the same salary of $80,000 per year. However, Job A allows the employee to work from home, while Job B requires the employee to commute to the office daily. The average monthly commuting cost for Job B is estimated to be $400. Calculate the compensating differential in this scenario, and determine if it makes economic sense for the employee to choose Job B over Job A. Assume a working year consists of 12 months.Downgrading refers to a situation where: a. downward statistical biases in the effects of immigration on relative wages exist. b. downward statistical biases in the effects of immigration on native employment exist. c. adjustments must be made to relative wage parameters due to differences in the total compensation paid to immigrants relative to native workers. d. the wage or occupation of immigrants in the labor market is systematically lower than those of natives with the same observed education and experience levels.Show that the competitive labor market compensates workers for the probability that they will be laid off.
- Jobs where the product or service is "non-essential" yet is in high demand with a limited pool of exceptionally talented workers are likely to have higher wages than jobs where the product or service is "essential." True FalseSuppose a group of high school friends work at the same fast food restaurant. They all dislike the manager because she doesn’t allow them to swap shifts with one another whenever someone has a big exam to study for or a date. One of the friends suggests that they all agree to walk out if the manager doesn’t change her policy. Which of the following is the most likely outcome of such a walkout? multiple choice Wages will remain constant and the workers will be replaced. The workers will all be replaced, but wages will increase to avoid similar problems in the future. Wages will increase due to the unified pressure of all the workers. Wages“Based on this information, occupations with substantial projected job losses are those with the highest wages, which would encourage employers to invest in automation”. Is this statement correct or false? Please discuss your answer making reference to Figure 3.
- Income mobility refers to the changes in earnings over an individual's working life until retirement. is the ability and willingness of workers to relocate. is the ability of individuals or households to alter their economic status. measures changes in the required commuting time for a cross-section of workers.The factor-price equalization theorem indicates that laborers will end up earning the same wage rate in all countries only if the laborers are allowed to migrate between countries. True or FalseDiscuss how upward-sloping age-earnings profiles can elicit more effort from workers.
- True or False. Research indicates that immigration causes large decreases in the average American wage.Suppose a single parent can work up to 16 hours per day at a wage rate of $30 per hour and has no non-labour income. An income maintenance program has been developed to assure a minimum level of income for low-income families. A simplified version of this type of a program is one that would give this single parent a $120 no-work grant accompanied by a benefit reduction of a dollar for every dollar earned until no benefit is left to pay. For example, to someone who does not work the program pays $120, while for someone who works 1 hour and earns $30 the benefit is reduced by $30 to $90. Draw the daily budget constraints with and without program participation for the single individual described above on the plane that has leisure L on the horizontal axis, and money income Y (inclusive of benefits if on a program) on the vertical axis. Carefully mark all the important points of the constraints and indicate the slopes. Question: At what level of labour market earningsdoes the subsidy end?…In general, different jobs pay different wages. One overarching reason is that different jobs have different characteristics, with wages serving to compensate for those different characteristics. Consider two virtually identical individuals, employed in the same industry and working in the same region. One of the individuals works in Occupation A, while the other works in Occupation B. Assume that the individual working in Occupation A earns a higher wage than the individual working in Occupation B. Describe four differences between Occupations A and B that could each help explain the different wages paid to the two workers.