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A:
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- An astronomer on the Earth observes a meteoroid in the southern sky approaching the Earth at a speed of 0.800c. Al the time of its discovery the meteoroid is 20.0 ly front the Earth. Calculate (a) the time interval required for the meteoroid to reach the Earth as measured by the Earthbound astronomer, (b) this time interval as measured by a tourist on the meteoroid, and (c) the distance to the Earth as measured by the tourist.Two identically constructed clocks are synchronized. One is put into orbit around Earth, and the other remains on Earth. (a) Which clock runs more slowly? (b) When the moving clock returns to Earth, will the two clocks still be synchronized? Discuss from the standpoints of both special and general relativity.Unreasonable Results (a) Find the value of for the following situation. An Earth-bound observer measures 23.9 h to have passed while signals from a high-velocity space probe indicate that 24.0 h have passed on board. (b) What is unreasonable about this result? (c) Which assumptions are unreasonable or inconsistent?
- Two astronomical events are observed from Earth to occur at a time of 1 s apart and a distance separation of 1.5109m from each other. (a) Determine whether separation of the two events is space like or time like. (b) State what this implies about whether it is consistent with special relativity for one event to have caused the other?In a laboratory frame of reference, an observer notes that Newtons second law is valid. Assume forces and masses are measured to be the same in any reference frame for speeds small compared with the speed of light. (a) Show that Newtons second law is also valid for an observer moving at a constant speed, small compared with the speed of light, relative to the laboratory frame. (b) Show that Newtons second law is not valid in a reference frame moving past the laboratory frame with a constant acceleration.Amy is very concerned about his weight but seldom does anything about it. After learning about Newton's law of universal gravitation in Physics class, he becomes all concerned about the possible effect of a change in Earth's mass upon his weight. During a (rare) free moment at the lunch table, he speaks up "How would my weight change if the mass of the Earth increased by 10%?" How would you answer Amy?
- (20) Please don't write on a paper. I can't understand handwritten. In an Earth reference frame, a star is 69.5 light-years away. How fast would you have to travel so that to you the distance would be only 53.5 light-years?A meteor strikes the moon (event A), causing a large and vivid explosion. Exactly 0.47 s later (as measured in an inertial reference frame attached to the earth), a radio telescope receiving signals from the moon goes on the fritz. Could these events be causally related?9. Which of the following was Einstein’s Second Postulate to the Special Theory of Relativity?The laws of physics are the same in all frames of reference that are moving uniformly.Waves had to have some medium to travel through.A beam of light that traveled parallel to the aether would take longer than the beam that traveled perpendicularly to the aether.The speed of light is constant and is independent of the motion of the source or the observer.
- As you zip through space in your PPS (personal propulsion suit), your pulse rate as you count it is 121 bpm (beats per minute). This high pulse rate serves as objective evidence of your excitement. However, an observer on the Moon, an expert in pulse rate telemetry, measures your pulse rate as slower. In fact, she detects only 0.561 times the rate you count and claims that you must be pretty calm in spite of everything that is going on. How fast are you moving with respect to the Moon?You may have an image of Sir Isaac Newton sitting under a tree and after being hit on the head by an apple he suddenly "discovered" the Law of Universal Gravitation. In fact, the theory was a result of years’ worth of research, which in turn was based on centuries of accumulated knowledge. He is credited with determining that the following relationship is universal. The gravitational attraction between two objects varies jointly with their masses (m1 and m2) and inversely with the square of the distance (d) between them. By what percent does the force of gravitational attraction change if one mass is increased by 20%, the other mass decreased by 20%, and the separation is reduced by 25%?The U.S.S. Enterprise is chased by a Borg Cube through a straight, 3000 meter-long, wormhole.- The Enterprise enters the wormhole with a speed of 100 m/s.- The Enterprise is out of fuel and is slowing at a constant rate of 1.66 m/s2.- The chasing Borg Cube travels with a constant speed of 60 m/s.- The Borg Cube enters the wormhole a full 8.00 seconds after the Enterprise.(A)How long does it take the Enterprise to move through the entire wormhole?(B) With what speed does the Enterprise exit the wormhole?(C)Does the Borg Cube catch the Enterprise before the end of the wormhole? If so, where andif not, how far behind is the Borg Cube when the Enterprise exits?(D)When the Borg Cube is in the middle of the 3000-meter passageway, what is theEnterprise’s speed?