4. A biologist is using a simulation to model populations of African hornbills (Bycanistes spp. and Ceratogymna spp.), a keystone species of the savanna. Populations of the birds are declining due to habitat loss. The hornbill's diet consists primarily of termites and fruit. A critical component oftermite digestion is chitin deacetylase, an enzyme whose mutation rate is a model parameter. The other model parameter is population size, N. In the results of the simulation study shown in these graphs, there is no selection, and the mutation rate is fixed. Although both population size andmutation rate are fixed, randomness results in the five different outcomes shown in each graph.Simulation to Model Populations ofAfrican Hornbills where N = 16Chitin deacetylaseallele frequencyChitin deacetylaseallele frequency0.50Simulation to Model Populations ofAfrican Hornbills where N = 524,28805 10 15 20Number of generations0(a)5 10 15 20Number of generations(b)Part A: Select the graph displaying the results that are closer to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Justify the selection of the graph. Part B: Based on these simulations, predict the future heterozygosity, 2pq, of the smaller populations, as shown in graph (a). Part C: If a change in the environment occurssuddenly, such as an increase in average temperature, where fruit production declines, analyze the effect of the change on allele frequency in the large and small populations.

Name: 4. A biologist is using a simulation to model populations of African
Uploaded: 2024-03-20T06:42:55.000Z
Channel: Bartleby
Description: 4. A biologist is using a simulation to model populations of African hornbills (Bycanistes spp. and Ceratogymna spp.), a keystone species of the savanna. Populations of the birds are declining due to habitat loss. The hornbill's diet consists primar