Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305112100
Author: Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Concept explainers

Nucleotides
It is an organic molecule made up of three basic components- a nitrogenous base, phosphate,and pentose sugar. The nucleotides are important for metabolic reactions andthe formation of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid).
Nucleic Acids
Nucleic acids are essential biomolecules present in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and viruses. They carry the genetic information for the synthesis of proteins and cellular replication. The nucleic acids are of two types: deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) a…
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Nucleotides are made of

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  • RNA differs from DNA in that the base _______________ is substituted for _______________. (a) adenine; uracil (b) uracil; thymine (c) guanine; uracil (d) cytosine; guanine (e) guanine; adenine
    All of the following except ________ are building blocks or energy sources in cells. a. fatty acids b. simple sugars c. lipids d. amino acids e. nucleotides
    The backbone of organic compounds forms when _________ atoms are covalently bonded.
  • Adenine is a: a. nucleoside b. purine c. pyrimidine d. nucleotide e. base
    Which of the following is a class of molecules that encompasses all of the other molecules listed? a. triglycerides b. fatty acids c. waxes d. steroids e. lipids f. phospholipids
    The monomers that make up proteins are called_____. a. nucleotides b. disaccharides c. amino acids d. chaperones
  • _______ are to protein as ______ are to nucleic acids. a. Sugars; lipids c. Amino acids; hydrogen bonds b. Sugars; proteins d. Amino acids; nucleotides
    _______ groups are the acid part of amino acids and fatty acids. a. Hydroxyl (OH) c. Methyl (CH3) b. Carboxyl (COOH) d. Phosphate (PO4)
    An RNA molecule is typically _________ ; a DNA molecule is typically ______ . a. single-stranded; double-stranded b. double-stranded; single-stranded
  • Describe the components of a nucleotide. Name some nucleic acids and nucleotides, and discuss the importance of these compounds in living organisms.
    Which type of bond represents a weak chemical bond? a. hydrogen bond b. ionic bond c. covalent bond d. polar covalent bond
    Which is not a nucleotide base in DNA? a. adenine c. glutamine e. cytosine b. guanine d. thymine f. All are in DNA.
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