o types of dog food. BasicDiet is a standard mixture for healthy dogs. SpecialDiet is a reduced protein formulation for older dogs with health problems. The two dog foods use common raw materials in different proportions. The company expects to produce 80,000 bags of each product during the coming year. BasicDiet requires 0.20 direct labor hour per bag, and SpecialDiet requires 0.30 direct labor hour per bag. Ladan has developed the following fixed and variable costs for each of the four overhead items: Overhead Item Fixed Cost Variable Rate per Direct Labor Hour Maintenance $ 57,250 $0.50 Power 0.40 Indirect labor 43,500 2.10 Rent 39,000
Process Costing
Process costing is a sort of operation costing which is employed to determine the value of a product at each process or stage of producing process, applicable where goods produced from a series of continuous operations or procedure.
Job Costing
Job costing is adhesive costs of each and every job involved in the production processes. It is an accounting measure. It is a method which determines the cost of specific jobs, which are performed according to the consumer’s specifications. Job costing is possible only in businesses where the production is done as per the customer’s requirement. For example, some customers order to manufacture furniture as per their needs.
ABC Costing
Cost Accounting is a form of managerial accounting that helps the company in assessing the total variable cost so as to compute the cost of production. Cost accounting is generally used by the management so as to ensure better decision-making. In comparison to financial accounting, cost accounting has to follow a set standard ad can be used flexibly by the management as per their needs. The types of Cost Accounting include – Lean Accounting, Standard Costing, Marginal Costing and Activity Based Costing.
Ladan Suriman, controller for Healthy Pet Company, has been instructed to develop a flexible budget for overhead costs. The company produces two types of dog food. BasicDiet is a standard mixture for healthy dogs. SpecialDiet is a reduced protein formulation for older dogs with health problems. The two dog foods use common raw materials in different proportions. The company expects to produce 80,000 bags of each product during the coming year. BasicDiet requires 0.20 direct labor hour per bag, and SpecialDiet requires 0.30 direct labor hour per bag. Ladan has developed the following fixed and variable costs for each of the four overhead items:
| Overhead Item | Fixed Cost | Variable Rate per Direct Labor Hour |
| Maintenance | $ 57,250 | $0.50 |
| Power | 0.40 | |
| Indirect labor | 43,500 | 2.10 |
| Rent | 39,000 |
Assume that Healthy Pet actually produced 100,000 bags of BasicDiet and 90,000 bags of SpecialDiet. The actual overhead costs incurred were as follows:
| Maintenance | $81,300 |
| Power | 18,700 |
| Indirect labor | $143,600 |
| Rent | 39,000 |
Required:
1. Calculate the number of direct labor hours budgeted for actual production of the two products.
fill in the blank 1 hours
2. Prepare a performance report for the period based on actual production. If an amount box does not require an entry, enter "0". Enter a favorable variance as a negative amount, and an unfavorable variance as a positive amount. If an amount is zero, enter "0" and choose "Not applicable" from the dropdown list.
| Healthy Pet Company | ||||
| Performance Report - Overhead | ||||
| For the Current Year | ||||
| Actual | Budgeted | Variance | ||
| Units produced | fill in the blank 2 | fill in the blank 3 | fill in the blank 4 |
|
| Production unit: | ||||
| Maintenance | $fill in the blank 6 | $fill in the blank 7 | $fill in the blank 8 |
|
| Power | fill in the blank 10 | fill in the blank 11 | fill in the blank 12 |
|
| Indirect labor | fill in the blank 14 | fill in the blank 15 | fill in the blank 16 |
|
| Rent | fill in the blank 18 | fill in the blank 19 | fill in the blank 20 |
|
| Total overhead | $fill in the blank 22 | $fill in the blank 23 | $fill in the blank 24 |
|
3. Based on the report, would you judge any of the variances to be significant? Can you think of some possible reasons for the variances? Select the number of the statement that supports the significance of the variances and reasons for the variances.
- Variances in maintenance cost and indirect labor are significant. Variances could be caused by more preventive maintenance or higher labor cost.
- Variance in Rent and power is significant. This could be mainly due to the changes in rates.
- All variances are significant. Unfavorable variances in maintenance could be caused by more preventive maintenance and variance in indirect labor is due higher labor cost. Variance in power is due to decrease in power rates.
- All variances are small and immaterial. Unfavorable variances in maintenance could be caused by more preventive maintenance and variance in indirect labor is due higher labor cost. Variance in power is due to decrease in power rates.
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